is reduced by putting
into it shaved ice until it reaches 80 deg. F. The child's body is well
rubbed while it is in the bath and cold water is applied to its head.
The bath is continued for five minutes, or sometimes with a robust child
to ten minutes. On removal the child should be put into a warm blanket
after being thoroughly dried.

Rectal Irrigations.--These are sometimes given to reduce fever. They
are very useful and very successful if they are given properly and
without exciting the child too much. It is best to give water of an
ordinary temperature at first and gradually reduce it to 70 deg. F. It
should be continued for ten minutes or longer. It may be repeated every
three hours. (See page 586.)

VARIOUS BATHS

Every mother should know how to give any bath that may be directed by
the physician.

The Mustard Bath.--Take from three to four tablespoonfuls of English
mustard; mix thoroughly in about one gallon of warm water. Add to this
about five gallons of plain water at a temperature of 100 deg. F. If it is
necessary to raise the temperature of the water higher it may be done by
adding water until the temperature reaches 105 deg. or 110 deg. F.

The mustard bath is exceedingly effective in cases of shock, great
sudden depression, collapse, heart failure, or in sudden congestion of
the lungs or brain. The special use of the mustard bath is in the
treatment of convulsions; it is also useful for nervous children who
sleep badly. Two or three minutes in the mustard bath, followed by a
quick rubbing, will induce refreshing sleep in these children. It is not
necessary to have more than one tablespoonful of mustard in these cases.

The Hot Bath.--A bath is prepared of water at a temperature of 100 deg. F.
After the child is in the bath the temperature of the water is raised to
105 deg., or to 110 deg. F. It is not safe to go above this point.

The body of the child should be well rubbed while it is in the bath. In
most cases it is advisable to apply cold water to the head while the
child is in the bath. A bath thermometer should be kept in the water to
see that it does not rise above the temperature desired.

The hot bath, like the mustard bath, is used to promote reaction in
cases of shock, collapse, etc., and in convulsions.

The Hot Pack.--Remove all clothing from the baby and envelop the body
in a sheet wrung out of water at a temperature of 100 deg. F., to 105 deg. F.,
after which the body should be