int. Insert a
short piece of stick between the bandage and the limb and twist around
until the bleeding stops. This should not be kept on longer than one
hour. A tourniquet of this character shuts off all the blood in the limb
and if kept on too long the parts may mortify. The best means to stop a
hemorrhage of this character is by means of a rubber bandage sold for
the purpose. It is applied by stretching at every turn. It exerts
uniform pressure and in this way does no injury to the parts. All these
measures are, of course, only temporary expedients as the artery will
finally have to be caught and tied by a physician.

Removal of Foreign Bodies From a Wound.--When the foreign bodies are
large enough to be seen they may be picked out with the fingers after
the hands have been rendered sterile. Smaller bodies may be picked up
with forceps, or they may be washed out with water that has been boiled
and cooled slightly, or a bichloride of mercury solution in the strength
of 1 to 2000 may be used; or a normal salt solution may be used. As a
general rule the physician should be allowed to undertake this procedure
so that you may not be blamed for something that may come up later.

Cleansing a Wound.--The simplest way, and the most effective, to
cleanse a wound, no matter how caused, is to procure a brush and paint
it thoroughly with tincture of iodine. The iodine should be painted
right into the raw wound, it is then bound up and left if it is small
and does not need any stitching. When the physician comes he can attend
to any further procedure that may be necessary.

Closing and Dressing Wounds.--If the wound is small, its edges may be
drawn together with narrow strips of adhesive bandage after it has been
painted with iodine. It is then bound up and kept at rest. It should be
inspected the following day to see if it is healing properly.

If the wound is large or torn, it should be seen by a physician and
dressed and closed by him. All wounds do better if they are kept at
rest.

The Condition of Shock.--When a person suffers a serious injury, loses
a large quantity of blood, or is subjected to a profound emotion, it
affects the vital powers to such an extent that the individual is said
to be suffering from shock. Shock expresses itself in varying degrees of
apathy. The patient may or may not be conscious. If conscious he gives
no evidence of feeling, he is silent and motionless although he will
respond to directions an