e absolutely prevented.

How to Keep From Spreading the Disease.--In order to protect
themselves and others in the household, persons caring for or in any way
coming into contact with a case of typhoid fever must constantly bear in
mind that the secretions and excretions (urine, stools, etc.), of the
patient contain typhoid bacilli and are capable of transmitting the
disease to others. The person who nurses the patient should not do the
cooking for the family. The bedding used by the patient should be washed
separately from that used by others. Special dishes, plates, knives,
forks, etc., should be kept for the use of the patient alone, and should
be washed separately and thoroughly. Particular attention should be paid
to immediate disinfection of the stools and urine of the patients until
the restoration of health is complete.

The urine is especially dangerous. It may look entirely normal and yet
contain typhoid bacilli for some time after recovery is apparently
complete. In a few instances the typhoid bacilli may persist in the
stools for weeks or months after recovery. Such persons are called
"typhoid carriers," and constitute a grave menace to the health of the
community. The best disinfectants are carbolic acid and freshly slacked
lime; both are effectual, cheap and easily obtained. Urine or stools to
which has been added one-third of their volume of a solution of one part
of carbolic acid to twenty parts of water are, as a rule, sufficiently
disinfected in half an hour, provided the mass of the stool is broken up
and thoroughly mixed with the solutions. The best method is to keep the
urinal of bed-pan partly filled with the disinfecting solution at all
times. In this way any germs present in the urine or stools are almost
instantly destroyed. Stools and urine should never be thrown out on the
ground. If no system of drainage is at hand, they should be very
thoroughly disinfected and emptied into a hole in the ground and covered
with earth. All persons nursing or handling the patient in any way
should be careful to wash their hands very thoroughly with soap and
water before leaving the sick-room. They should never, while in the
sick-room, touch any article of food or put their hands to their mouths.
Careful observation of the above suggestions and precautions will almost
certainly prevent contraction of typhoid fever or the spread of the
disease.

VARIOUS SOLUTIONS

Boracic Acid Solution.--In the previous pa