Thailand 1, United Kingdom 11
(2002 est.)

Airports: 120 (2001)

Airports - with paved runways: total: 86 over 3,047 m: 16 2,438 to
3,047 m: 30 914 to 1,523 m: 15 under 914 m: 6 (2001) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 19

Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 34 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to
2,437 m: 1 under 914 m: 24 (2001) 914 to 1,523 m: 8

Heliports: 6 (2001)

Military Turkey

Military branches: Land Forces, Navy (includes Naval Air and Naval
Infantry), Air Force, Coast Guard, Gendarmerie

Military manpower - military age: 20 years of age (2002 est.)

Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 19,219,177 (2002 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49: 11,623,675
(2002 est.)

Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 674,805
(2002 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure: $8.1 billion (2002 est.)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 4.5% (2002 est.)

Transnational Issues Turkey

Disputes - international: complex maritime, air, and territorial disputes
with Greece in Aegean Sea; Cyprus question with Greece; dispute with
downstream riparian states (Syria and Iraq) over water development plans
for the Tigris and Euphrates rivers; traditional demands regarding former
Armenian lands in Turkey have subsided; Turkey is quick to rebuff any
perceived Syrian claim to Hatay province; border with Armenia remains
closed over Nagorno-Karabakh dispute

Illicit drugs: key transit route for Southwest Asian heroin to Western
Europe and - to a far lesser extent the US - via air, land, and sea
routes; major Turkish, Iranian, and other international trafficking
organizations operate out of Istanbul; laboratories to convert imported
morphine base into heroin are in remote regions of Turkey as well as
near Istanbul; government maintains strict controls over areas of legal
opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw concentrate

This page was last updated on 1 January 2002

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Tuvalu

Introduction

Tuvalu

Background: In 1974, ethnic differences within the British colony of
the Gilbert and Ellice Islands caused the Polynesians of the Ellice
Islands to vote for separation from the Micronesians of the Gilbert
Islands. The following year, the Ellice Islands became the separate
British colony of Tuvalu. Independence was granted in 1978. In 2000,
Tuvalu negotiated a contract leas