mmon
carrier service (2001) narrow gauge: 510 km 0.750-m gauge

Highways: total: 273,700 km paved: 236,400 km (including 1,770 km of
expressways and a substantial amount of all-weather roads with gravel
surfaces) unpaved: 37,300 km (these roads are made of unstabilized earth
and are difficult to negotiate in wet weather) (1990)

Waterways: 4,499 km note: 1,672 km are on the Pryp'yat' and Dniester
(Dnister) (1990)

Pipelines: crude oil 4,000 km (1995); petroleum products 4,500 km
(1995); natural gas 34,400 km (1998)

Ports and harbors: Berdyans'k, Feodosiya, Illichivs'k, Izmayil, Kerch,
Kherson, Kiev (Kyyiv), Kiliya, Mariupol', Mykolayiv, Odesa, Reni,
Sevastopol', Yalta, Yuzhnyy

Merchant marine: total: 138 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 669,303
GRT/707,857 DWT ships by type: bulk 7, cargo 100, container 3, liquefied
gas 2, passenger 11, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 12, railcar
carrier 2 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as
a flag of convenience: Cyprus 1, Greece 1, Panama 1, Russia 4, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines 1 (2002 est.)

Airports: 718 (2001)

Airports - with paved runways: 50 1,524 to 2,437 m: Airports - with
unpaved runways: 37 1,524 to 2,437 m: Military Ukraine

Military branches: Ground Forces, Naval Forces, Air Force, Air Defense
Forces, Interior Troops, Border Troops

Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age (2002 est.)

Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 12,263,178 (2002 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49: 9,616,864
(2002 est.)

Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 390,823
(2002 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure: $500 million (FY99)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 1.4% (FY99)

Transnational Issues Ukraine

Disputes - international: Ukraine and Romania have yet to resolve claims
over Ukrainian-administered Zmiyinyy (Snake) Island and delimitation
of Black Sea maritime boundary, despite 1997 bilateral treaty to
find a solution in two years and numerous talks; Russia and Ukraine
have successfully delimited land boundary in 2001, but disagree on
delimitation of maritime boundary in the Sea of Azov and Black Sea;
Moldovan difficulties with break-away Transnistria region inhibit
establishment of a joint customs regime with Ukraine to curtail smuggling,
arms transfers, and other illegal activities

Illicit drugs: limited cultivation of ca