System for Mobile Communication),
one D-AMPS type (Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System), and one AMPS
type (Advanced Mobile Phone System) international: linked by landline
or microwave radio relay with CIS member states and to other countries
by leased connection via the Moscow international gateway switch;
after the completion of the Uzbek link to the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE)
fiber-optic cable, Uzbekistan will be independent of Russian facilities
for international communications; Inmarsat also provides an international
connection, albeit an expensive one; satellite earth stations - NA (1998)

Radio broadcast stations: AM 20, FM 7, shortwave 10 (1998)

Radios: 10.8 million (1997)

Television broadcast stations: 4 (plus two repeaters that relay Russian,
Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Tajik programs) (1997)

Televisions: 6.4 million (1997)

Internet country code: .uz

Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 42 (2000)

Internet users: 7,500 (2000)

Transportation Uzbekistan

Railways: total: 3,656 km broad gauge: 3,656 km 1.520-m gauge (618 km
electrified) (2000)

Highways: total: 81,600 km paved: 71,237 km (includes some all-weather
gravel-surfaced roads) unpaved: 10,363 km (these roads are made of
unstabilized earth and are difficult to negotiate in wet weather) (1990)

Waterways: 1,100 km (1990)

Pipelines: crude oil 250 km; petroleum products 40 km; natural gas 810 km
(1992)

Ports and harbors: Termiz (Amu Darya)

Airports: 267 (2001)

Airports - with paved runways: total: 10 over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to 3,047
m: 5 under 914 m: 2 (2001)

Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 257 over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to
3,047 m: 8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 11 914 to 1,523 m: 13 under 914 m: 222 (2001)

Military Uzbekistan

Military branches: Army, Air and Air Defense Forces, National Guard,
Security Forces (internal security and border troops)

Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age (2002 est.)

Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 6,747,221 (2002 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49: 5,478,766
(2002 est.)

Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 274,602
(2002 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure: $200 million (FY97)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 2% (FY97)

Transnational Issues Uzbekistan

Disputes - international: Uzbekistan border largely delimited with
Kazakhstan, but unresolved dispute remains over sovereig