from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands

Terrain: plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south

Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point:
Kilimanjaro 5,895 m

Natural resources: hydropower, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds,
gemstones, gold, natural gas, nickel

Land use: arable land: 4% permanent crops: 1% other: 95% (1998 est.)

Irrigated land: 1,550 sq km (1998 est.)

Natural hazards: flooding on the central plateau during the rainy
season; drought

Environment - current issues: soil degradation; deforestation;
desertification; destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats;
recent droughts affected marginal agriculture; wildlife threatened by
illegal hunting and trade, especially for ivory

Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate
Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of
the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified:
Nuclear Test Ban

Geography - note: Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa; bordered
by three of the largest lakes on the continent: Lake Victoria (the
world's second-largest freshwater lake) in the north, Lake Tanganyika
(the world's second deepest) in the west, and Lake Nyasa in the southwest

People Tanzania

Population: 37,187,939 note: estimates for this country explicitly take
into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result
in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population
by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)

Age structure: 0-14 years: 44.6% (male 8,338,764; female 8,247,789)
15-64 years: 52.5% (male 9,674,951; female 9,847,084) 65 years and over:
2.9% (male 483,760; female 595,591) (2002 est.)

Population growth rate: 2.6% (2002 est.)

Birth rate: 39.12 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Death rate: 13.02 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Net migration rate: -0.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01
male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over:
0.81 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)

Infant mortality rate: 77.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)

Life expectancy at birth: 52.67 years (2002 est.) male: Total fertility
rate: 5.33 chil