ry service: males age 15-49: 979,282
(2002 est.)

Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 48,292
(2002 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure: $90 million (FY99)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 3.4% (FY99)

Transnational Issues Turkmenistan

Disputes - international: Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and
Uzbekistan wrestle with sharing limited water resources and regional
environmental degradation caused by the shrinking of the Aral Sea;
multilaterally-accepted Caspian Sea seabed and maritime boundaries have
not yet been established in the Caspian - Iran insists on division
of Caspian Sea into five equal sectors while Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan,
Russia, and Turkmenistan have generally agreed upon equidistant seabed
boundaries; Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan await ICJ decision to resolve
sovereignty dispute over oil fields in the Caspian Sea

Illicit drugs: limited illicit cultivator of opium poppy, mostly
for domestic consumption; limited government eradication program;
increasingly used as transshipment point for illicit drugs from Southwest
Asia to Russia and Western Europe; also a transshipment point for acetic
anhydride destined for Afghanistan

This page was last updated on 1 January 2002

========================================================================

Tanzania

Introduction

Tanzania

Background: Shortly after independence, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged
to form the nation of Tanzania in 1964. One-party rule came to an end
in 1995 with the first democratic elections held in the country since
the 1970s. Zanzibar's semi-autonomous status and popular opposition have
led to two contentious elections since 1995, which the ruling party won
despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities.

Geography Tanzania

Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya
and Mozambique

Geographic coordinates: 6 00 S, 35 00 E

Map references: Africa

Area: total: 945,087 sq km note: includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba,
and Zanzibar water: 59,050 sq km land: 886,037 sq km

Area - comparative: slightly larger than twice the size of California

Land boundaries: total: 3,402 km border countries: Burundi 451 km,
Kenya 769 km, Malawi 475 km, Mozambique 756 km, Rwanda 217 km, Uganda
396 km, Zambia 338 km

Coastline: 1,424 km

Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM

Climate: varies