ted a United States patent on
an improved coffee percolator for restaurants, employing a sheet of
filter paper on a ring in a metal basket; the ring to be removed once
the filter paper was in position on the perforated bottom plate of the
percolator basket.

In 1913, F.F. Wear, Los Angeles, perfected a coffee-making device in
which a metal perforated clamp was employed to apply a filter paper to
the under-side of an English earthenware adaptation of the French drip
pot.

In 1912, William Lawton demonstrated in London a gas coffee roaster of
his own invention, by means of which he roasted coffee "in suspension"
to a light brown color in three minutes.

[Illustration: SHOWING HOW THE ITALIAN RAPID COFFEE MACHINE WORKS

Left, putting coffee in the filter--Center, applying filter to
faucet--Right, turning on water and steam to make the drink]

Herbert L. Johnston, assignor to the Hobart Electric Manufacturing Co.,
Troy, Ohio, was granted a United States patent on a machine for refining
coffee in 1913.

In 1914, the Phylax coffee maker, embodying an improvement on the French
drip principle, was introduced to the trade. The process was
demonstrated by Benjamin H. Calkin, of Detroit, in 1921, as "an art of
brewing coffee."

[Illustration: LA VICTORIA ARDUINO MIGNONNE

An electric rapid coffee maker]

In 1914, Robert Burns, assignor to Jabez Burns & Sons, New York, was
granted a United States patent on a coffee-granulating mill.

In 1914-15, Herbert Galt, of Chicago, was granted three United States
patents on the Gait coffee pot, made of aluminum, and having two parts,
a removable cylinder employing the French drip principle, and the
containing pot.

In 1915, the Burns Jubilee (inner-heated) gas coffee roaster was
patented in the United States and put on the market.

In 1915, the National Coffee Roasters Association Home coffee mill,
employing an improved set screw operating on a cog-and ratchet
principle, was introduced to the trade.

In 1916, a United States patent was granted to I.D. Richheimer, Chicago,
for an infuser improvement on his Tricolator.

In 1916, Saul Blickman, assignor to S. Blickman, New York, was granted a
United States patent on an apparatus for making and dispensing coffee.

In 1916, Orville W. Chamberlain, New Orleans, was granted a United
States patent on an automatic drip coffee pot.

In 1916, Jules Le Page, Darlington, Ind., obtained two United States
patents on cutting rolls to cut