separately from it, like an adverb; in which situation it does not
less affect the sense of the verb, and give it a new meaning; and in all
instances, whether the preposition is placed either before or after the
verb, if it gives a new meaning to the verb, it may be considered as _a
part of the verb_. Thus, _to cast_ means _to throw_; but _to cast up_ an
account, signifies _to compute_ it; therefore _up_ is a part of the
verb. The phrases, _to fall on, to bear out, to give over_, convey very
different meanings from what they would if the prepositions _on, out_
and _over_, were not used. Verbs of this kind are called _compound_
verbs.

You may now answer the following

QUESTIONS NOT ANSWERED IN PARSING.

From what words is the term _preposition_ derived?--Why is it thus
named?--Repeat the list of prepositions.--Name the three parts of speech
that govern nouns and pronouns in the objective case.--When is a noun or
pronoun in the objective case, the object of an action?--When is it the
object of a relation?--Repeat the order of parsing a preposition.--What
rule do you apply in parsing a noun or pronoun governed by a
preposition?--Does every preposition require an objective case after
it?--Is a noun or pronoun ever governed by a preposition
understood?--Give examples.--What is said of verbs compounded of a verb
and preposition?--Give the origin and meaning of the prepositions
explained in the Philosophical Notes.

* * * * *

PHILOSOPHICAL NOTES.

_From_, according to H. Tooke, is the Anglo-Saxon and Gothic noun
_frum_, beginning, source, author. "He came _from (beginning_)
Rochester." _Of_, he supposes to be a fragment of the Gothic and
Saxon noun _afora_, consequence, offspring, follower. "Solomon, the
son _of (offspring_) David." _Of_ or _off_, in its modern
acceptation, signifies _disjoined, sundered_: A piece _of (off_) the
loaf, is, a piece _disjoined_, or _separated_ from the loaf. The
fragrance _of_ or _off_ the rose.

_For_ signifies _cause_. "I write _for_ your satisfaction;" i.e.
your satisfaction being the _cause. By_ or _be_ is the imperative
_byth_, of the Saxon _beon_, to be. _With_, the imperative of
_withan_, to join; or, when equivalent to _by_, of _wyr-than_, to
be. "I will go _with_ him." "I, _join_ him, will go." _In_ comes
from the Gothic noun _inna_, the interior of the body; a cave or
cell. _Ab