to A. Willey's
well-known work, _Amphioxus and the Ancestry of the
Vertebrates_, New York and London, 1894, and to Delage
et Herouard, _Traite de Zoologie concrete_, Tome viii.,
Paris, 1898.

[398] "Studien zur Urgeschichte des Wirbelthierkoerpers,"
_Mittheil. Zool. Stat. Neapel_, 1882-1907.

[399] Leydig (_Vom Baue des thierischen Koerpers_,
Tuebingen, 1864), who, in a measure, forestalled Dohrn
and Semper by comparing Vertebrates with reversed
Arthropods, specially insects, supposed the old mouth to
pass between the _crura cerebri_.

[400] _Zeits. f. wiss. Zool._, xliv., 1886.

[401] Quoted by E. B. Wilson, _Wood's Holl Biological
Lectures for 1894_, p. 121.

[402] _Cf._ Metschnikoff, _Quart. Journ. Microsc. Sci._,
xxiv., pp. 89-111, 1884.

[403] "Die Stammesverwandschaft der Wirbelthiere und
Wirbellosen," _Arb. zool.-zoot. Instit. Wuerzburg_, ii.,
pp. 25-76, 1875; "Die Verwandschaftsbeziehungen der
gegliederten Thiere," _Ibid._, iii., pp. 115-404,
1876-7.

[404] Abuse of Cuvier also dates from the early days of
evolution, see Radl, ii., pp. 12-17.

[405] "On the origin and history of the urino-genital
organs of Vertebrates," _Journ. Anat. Phys._, x., 1876.
The conclusions of Balfour and Semper were adversely
criticised by M. Fuerbringer (_Morph. Jahrb._, iv.,
1878), and were negatived by later research.

[406] _A Monograph on the Development of Elasmobranch
Fishes_, London, 1878.

[407] _A Treatise on Comparative Embryology_, vol. ii., p.
311, London, 1881.

[408] _Loc. cit._, vol. ii., p. 327.

[409] "On the Ancestral Form of the Chordata," _Q.J.M.S._,
xxiii., 1883. "The Relation of the Nemertea to the
Vertebrata," _ibid._, xxvii., 1887. Hubrecht gives the
credit for the first indication of the relationship of
Nemertines and Vertebrates to Harting (_Leerboek van de
Grondbeginselen der Dierkunde_, 1874).

[410] "Monographie der Capitelliden des Golfes von
Neapel," _Fauna u. Flora des Golfes von Neapel_, Monog.
xvi., Berlin, 1887.

[411] _Mitt. Zool. Stat. Neapel_, vii., 1887.

[412] _Nature_, xxxvi., p. 162, 1887.

[413] "Nebendarm und Chorda dorsalis," _Nachr. Ges. Wiss.
Goettingen_, p. 390, 1885.

[414] "Embryologische Studien an Wuermern u. Arthropoden,"
_Mem. Acad. Sci. St Petersbourg_ (Petrograd