x,
emphasised the importance, from a morphological point of
view, of studying post-embryonic (functional)
development, _Unters. z. Morph. u. Syst. der Voegel_,
ii., Amsterdam, p. 925, 1888.

[485] See, for the development of this idea, Oppel, in
Roux-Oppel, 1910.

[486] _Cf._ the controversy between Herbert Spencer and
Weismann on the subject of "coadaptation" in the
_Contemporary Review_ for 1893 and 1894. See also
Weismann's paper in _Darwin and Modern Science_,
Cambridge, 1909.

[487] That is, the length they take up when separated from
the body.

[488] "Wilhelm Roux zum 60. Geburtstage," _Arch. f.
Entw.-Mech._, xxx. _Festschrift fuer Prof. Roux_, Pt. i,
1910.

[489] Virchow's _Archiv_, cxiv., 1888. First announced in
Sept. 1887.

[490] _Ueber die Bedeutung der Kernteilungsfiguren_,
Leipzig, 1883.

[491] _Bresl. aertz. Zeitschr._, 1885.

[492] _Journ. de l'Anat. et de la Physiologie_, xxiii.,
1887.

[493] _Zeits. f. wiss. Zool._, liii., 1891 and 1892.

[494] _Journ. Morph._, viii., 1893.

[495] _Arch. f. Ent.-Mech._, i., 1895; ii., 1896.

[496] _Arch. f. mikr. Anat._, xliii., 1893.

[497] _Arch. f. Ent.-Mech._, iii., 1896.

[498] _Arch. f. Ent.-Mech._, i., 1895.

[499] _Anat. Anz._, x., 1895.

[500] _Arch. f. Ent.-Mech._, iv. 1897.

[501] _Arch. f. Ent.-Mech._, ii., 1896.

[502] _Arch. f. Ent.-Mech._, iii., 1896.

[503] _Journ. exper. Zool._, i., 1904.

[504] _Unsere Koerperform_, p. 19, Leipzig, 1874.

[505] _Biolog. Centrlbl._, xiv., 1894, xv., 1895.
_Formative Reize in der thierischen Ontogenese_,
Leipzig, 1901.

[506] "La Morphologie dynamique," No. i. of the
_Collection de Morphologie dynamique_, Paris, 1911.

[507] "Forme, Puissance et Stabilite des Poissons," No.
iv. of the _Collection_, Paris, 1912.

CHAPTER XIX

SAMUEL BUTLER AND THE MEMORY THEORIES OF HEREDITY

We have laid stress upon the distinction established by Roux between the
two stages of development--the automatic and the functional--because of
the light which it seems to throw upon the phylogenetic relation of form
to function. We have pointed out, too, the paramount role that function
plays in Roux's theories of development and heredity, and we have
brought out the close kinship existing between his theory and that of
Lamarck. For Rou