em.

Of the other heroes of the _Kalevala_, besides an occasional reference
to Vanemuine and Ilmarine (Vaeinaemoeinen and Ilmarinen), we find no trace;
but three heroes, apparently cousins of the Kalevipoeg, appear suddenly
in the poem. These are usually called by their patronymics, Alevide,
Sulevide, and Olevide, but sometimes simply Alev, Sulev, and Olev.

[Footnote 1: This is specially noticeable in the manner in which the
story of the Great Oak Tree is scattered in disjointed fragments through
three cantos; and in the unsuccessful result of the Kalevide's voyage,
when he reaches his goal after his return by a land journey.]

FOLK-TALES IN PROSE

The most important collection of Esthonian prose tales was edited by
Kreutzwald, and was published by the Finnish Literary Society at
Helsingfors in 1866, under the title of _Eestirahwa Ennemuistesed
jutud_, and has since been reprinted at Dorpat. In 1869 the same Society
published a useful little Esthonian-Finnish glossary to the volume. A
good German translation of many of these tales, by F. Loewe, appeared at
Halle in 1869, under the title of _Ehstnische Maerchen_, with notes by
various contributors; and M. Dido, who has lately translated two or
three of the tales into French, and given more or less detailed notices
of the others, mentions that they have also been translated into
Russian. Other collections of Esthonian tales have since been published;
and Harry Jannsen has published a selection in German under the title of
_Maerchen und Sagen des estnischen Volkes_ (Dorpat, 1881; Riga, 1888).
Some of his tales are taken from Kreutzwald, but I have not seen the
Esthonian originals of the others. Many of the longer and more
interesting tales in those collections I have given in full; others are
more or less abridged, or simply noticed, and some few unimportant tales
towards the end of Kreutzwald's collection have been passed over
altogether.

One of Kreutzwald's longer tales, which I thought too unlike the others
to be noticed in the body of the work, is, "How Seven Tailors went to
war in Turkey." Their names were, "First-man, One-strong, Two-strong,
Three-strong, Four-strong, Five-strong, and Last-man;" and the story
gives a comic account of their poltrooneries.

Other tales relate to a plot against a chaste wife; a girl who clears
herself from scandal by lifting and hurling a huge stone; &c.

BALLADS AND OTHER SHORT POEMS

The plan of the present