6, his patience giving way, he divorced Terentia, and married his
young and wealthy ward Publilia. Then came the greatest grief of his
life, the death of Tullia, his beloved daughter. He shortly afterwards
divorced Publilia, who had been jealous of Tullia's influence and proved
unsympathetic. To solace his troubles he devoted himself wholly to
literature. To this period belong several famous rhetorical and
philosophical works, the _Brutus_, _Orator_, _Partitiones Oratoriae_,
_Paradoxa_, _Academica_, _de Finibus_, _Tusculan Disputations_, together
with other works now lost, such as his _Laus Catonis_, _Consolatio_ and
_Hortensius_.

His repose was broken by Caesar's murder on the 15th of March 44, to
which he was not a party. On the 17th of March he delivered a speech in
the senate urging a general amnesty like that declared in Athens after
the expulsion of the Thirty Tyrants. When it became apparent that the
conspirators had only removed the despot and left the despotism, he
again devoted himself to philosophy, and in an incredibly short space of
time produced the _de Nature Deorum_, _de Divinatione_, _de Fato_, _Cato
maior_ (or _de Senectute_), _Laelius_ (or _de Amicitia_), and began his
treatise _de Officiis_. To this period also belongs his lost work _de
Gloria_. He then projected a journey to Greece in order to see his son
Marcus, then studying at Athens, of whose behaviour he heard
unfavourable reports. He reached Syracuse on the 1st of August, having
during the voyage written from memory a translation of Aristotle's
_Topica_. He was driven back by unfavourable winds to Leucopetra, and
then, hearing better news, returned to Rome on the 21st of August. He
was bitterly attacked by Marcus Antonius (Mark Antony) in the senate on
the 1st of September for not being present there, and on the next day
replied in his First _Philippic_. He then left Rome and devoted himself
to the completion of the _de Officiis_, and to the composition of his
famous Second _Philippic_, which was never delivered, but was
circulated, at first privately, after Antony's departure from Rome to
Cisalpine Gaul on the 28th of November.

Cicero returned to Rome on the 9th of December, and from that time
forward led the republican party in the senate. His policy, stated
briefly, was to make use of Octavian, whose name was all-powerful with
the veterans, until new legions had been raised which would follow the
republican commanders (_Phil._ xi. 39). C