he pharynx were
only about a dozen in number, and they measure 2-1/2 mm. in diameter. In
_Tilapia dardennii_, which grows to a length of 240 mm., a score of eggs
fills the mouth and pharynx, and each measures 5 to 6 mm. in diameter,
an enormous size for so small a fish.

Pellegrin has made the interesting observation on _Tilapia galilaea_
that while the eggs are developing in the bucco-pharyngeal cavity the
ovarian eggs are rapidly growing towards maturity, so that a fresh
deposition of ova may almost immediately follow the release of the young
fishes from maternal care. (G. A. B.)

CICISBEO (Ital.; of uncertain origin; perhaps an inversion of _bel
cece_, "beautiful chick (pea)," or from Fr. _chiche beau_, with same
meaning), the term in Italy from the 17th century onwards for a dangler
about women. The cicisbeo was the professed gallant of a married woman,
who attended her at all public entertainments, it being considered
unfashionable for the husband to be escort.

CICOGNARA, LEOPOLDO, COUNT (1767-1834), Italian archaeologist and writer
on art, was born at Ferrara on the 17th of November 1767. Mathematical
and physical science diverted him a while; but his bent was decided, and
not even the notice of such men as Spallanzani and Scarpa could make a
savant of him. A residence of some years at Rome, devoted to painting
and the study of the antiquities and galleries of the Eternal City, was
followed by a visit to Naples and Sicily, and by the publication, at
Palermo, of his first work, a poem of no merit. The island explored, he
betook himself to Florence, Milan, Bologna and Venice, acquiring a
complete archaeological knowledge of these and other cities. In 1795 he
took up his abode at Modena, and was for twelve years engaged in
politics, becoming a member of the legislative body, a councillor of
state, and minister plenipotentiary of the Cisalpine Republic at Turin.
Napoleon decorated him with the Iron Crown; and in 1808 he was made
president of the Academy of the Fine Arts at Venice, a post in which he
did good work for a number of years. In 1808 appeared his treatise _Del
bello ragionamenti_, dedicated in glowing terms to Napoleon. This was
followed (1813-1818) by his _magnum opus_, the _Storia delta scultura
dal suo risorgimento in Italia al secolo di Napoleone_, in the
composition of which he had been encouraged and advised by Giordano and
Wilhelm Schlegel (1767-1845). The book was designed to comple