e,
to whom are attributed hymns of the eighth and tenth books
of the Rig Veda (_Janm[=a][s.][t.]am[=i]_, p. 316). He
interprets Krishna's mother's name, Devak[=i], as 'player'
_(ib)_ But the change of name in a Vedic hymn has no special
significance. The name Devak[=i] is found applied to other
persons, and its etymology is rather _deva_, divine, as
Weber now admits (Berl. Ak. 1890, p. 931).]

[Footnote 84: In the epic, also, kings become hermits, and
perform great penance just as do the ascetic priests.
Compare the heroes themselves, and i. 42. 23 _raja
mah[=a]tap[=a]s_; also ii. 19, where a king renounces his
throne, and with his two wives becomes a hermit in the
woods. In i. 41. 31 a king is said to be equal to ten
priests!]

[Footnote 85: In fact, the daily repetition of the
S[=a]vitr[=i] is a tacit admission of the sun god as the
highest type of the divine; and Vishnu is the most
spiritualized form of the sun-god, representing even in the
Rig-Veda the goal of the departing spirit.]

[Footnote 86: Skanda (Subrahmanya) and Ganeca are Civa's two
sons, corresponding to Krishna and R[=a]ma. Skanda's own son
is Vic[=a]kha, a _graha_ (above, p. 415).]

[Footnote 87: Civa at the present day, for instance, is
represented now and then as a man, and he is incarnate as
V[=i]rabhadra. But all this is modern, and contrasts with
the older conception. It is only in recent times, in the
South, that he is provided with an earthly history. Compare
Williams, _Thought and Life,_ p. 47.]

[Footnote 88: _Ava-t[=a]ra_, 'descent,' from _ava_, 'down,'
and _tar_, 'pass' (as in Latin in-_trare_).]

[Footnote 89: In the _Bh[=a]gavata Pur[=a]na_.]

[Footnote 90: The tortoise _avatar_ had a famous temple two
centuries ago, where a stone tortoise received prayer. How
much totemism lies in these _avatars_ it is guess-work to
say.]

[Footnote 91: Balar[=a]ma (or Baladeva), Krishna's elder
brother, is to be distinguished from R[=a]ma. The former is
a late addition to the Krishna-cult, and belongs with Nanda,
his reputed father. Like Krishna, the name is also that of a
snake, Naga, and it is not impossible that Naga worship may
be the foundation of the Krishna-cult, but it would be hard
to reconcile this with tradition. In the sixt