l (pp. 102, 118); (4) definitely repudiated the
materialistic account of the origin of mind (pp. 30, 31); (5) returned
to the use of the expression 'the argument from design,' and therefore
presumably abandoned his strong objection to it; (6) 'saw through'
Herbert Spencer's refutation of the wider teleology expressed by Baden
Powell, and felt the force of the teleology again (p. 72); (7)
recognized that the scientific objections to the doctrine of the freedom
of the will are not finally valid (p. 128).

[16] See _Mind and Motion and Monism_, pp. 36 ff.

[17] In some 'Notes' of the Summer of 1893 I find the statement, 'The
result (of philosophical inquiry) has been that in his millennial
contemplation and experience man has attained certainty with regard to
certain aspects of the world problem, no less secure than that which he
has gained in the domain of physical science, e.g.

Logical priority of mind over matter.

Consequent untenability of materialism.

Relativity of knowledge.

The order of nature, conservation of energy and indestructibility of
matter within human experience, the principle of evolution and survival
of the fittest.'

[18] For the meaning of 'pure' agnosticism see below, pp. 107 ff.

PART I.

THE INFLUENCE OF SCIENCE UPON RELIGION.

I.

I propose to consider, in a series of three papers, the influence of
Science upon Religion. In doing this I shall seek to confine myself to
the strictly rational aspect of the subject, without travelling into any
matters of sentiment. Moreover, I shall aim at estimating in the first
instance the kind and degree of influence which has been exerted by
Science upon Religion in the past, and then go on to estimate the
probable extent of this influence in the future. The first two papers
will be devoted to the past and prospective influence of Science upon
Natural Religion, while the third will be devoted to the past and
prospective influence of Science upon Revealed Religion[19].

Few subjects have excited so much interest of late years as that which I
thus mark out for discussion. This can scarcely be considered a matter
of surprise, seeing that the influence in question is not only very
direct, but also extremely important from every point of view. For
generations and for centuries in succession Religion maintained an
undisputed sway over men's minds--if not always as a practical guide in
matters of conduct, at least as a regulator of belief