on of the payment oL 25,000 ducats, he fled
from Rome and was subsequently deposed from the cardinalate. As early as
1504 he had presented his palace (now the Palazzo Giraud-Torlonia) to
Henry VII. as a residence for the English ambassador to the Holy See;
and on his flight Henry VIII., who had quarrelled with him, gave it to
Cardinal Campeggio. Adrian first fled to Venice. Of his subsequent
history nothing is known for certain. It is said that he was murdered by
a servant when on his way to the conclave that elected Adrian VI. As a
writer, he was one of the first to restore the Latin tongue to its
pristine purity; and among his works are _De Vera Philosophia ex quatuor
doctoribus ecclesiae_ (Bologna, 1507), _De Sermone Latino_ (Basel,
1513), and a poem, _De Venatione_ (Venice, 1534).

See Polydore Vergil, _Anglicae historiae_, edited by H. Ellis (London,
1844); and A. Aubery, _Histoire generale des cardinaux_ (Paris, 1642).
(E. Tn.)

CASTELLI, IGNAZ FRANZ (1781-1862), Austrian dramatist, was born at
Vienna on the 6th of March 1781. He studied law at the university, and
then entered the government service. During the Napoleonic invasions his
patriotism inspired him to write stirring war songs, one of which,
_Kriegslied fur die osterreichische Armee_, was printed by order of the
archduke Charles and distributed in thousands. For this Castelli was
proclaimed by Napoleon in the _Moniteur_, and had to seek refuge in
Hungary. In 1815 he accompanied the allies into France as secretary to
Count Cavriani, and, after his return to Vienna, resumed his official
post in connexion with the estates of Lower Austria. In 1842 he retired
to his property at Lilienfeld, where, surrounded by his notable
collections of pictures and other art treasures, he for the rest of his
life devoted himself to literature. Castelli's dramatic talent was
characteristically Austrian; his plays were well constructed and
effective and satirized unsparingly the foibles of the Viennese. But his
wit was too local and ephemeral to appeal to any but his own generation,
and if he is remembered at all to-day it is by his excellent _Gedichte
in niederosterreichischer Mundart_ (1828). He died at Lilienfeld on the
5th of February 1862.

Castelli's _Gesammelte Gedichte_ appeared in 1835 in 6 vols.; a
selection of his _Werke_ in 1843 in 15 vols. (2nd ed., 1848), followed
by 6 supplementary volumes in 1858. His autobiography, _Memoiren
meines Lebe