tania, situated 2605 ft. above
sea-level, almost in the centre of the island, and commanding a
magnificent view of the interior. Pop. (1901) 25,826. Enna was one of
the cities of the Sicels, and the statement of Stephanus Byzantinus that
it was colonized by Syracuse in 664 B.C. is improbable. The question is
discussed by E. Pais, _Atakta_ (Pisa, 1891), 63. It does not appear in
history before the time of Dionysius I. of Syracuse, who, after
unsuccessful attempts, finally acquired possession of it by treachery
about 397 B.C. Its natural position rendered it a fortress of great
importance, and it is frequently mentioned in subsequent history. In
134-132 it was the headquarters of the slave revolt, and was only
reduced by treachery. Cicero speaks of it as a place of some importance,
but in imperial times it seems to have been of little account. In A.D.
837 the Saracens attempted to take it, but without success; and it was
again only by treachery that they were able to take it in 859. In 1087
it fell into the hands of the Normans; and the existing remains of
fortifications are entirely medieval. There are indeed no remains of
earlier days. The cathedral, founded in 1307, is of some interest. There
are no remains of the famous temple of Demeter, from which Verres, as
Cicero tells us, removed the bronze statue of the goddess. The lake of
Pergus, where Persephone, according to one of the myths, was carried off
by Hades, lies 4 m. to the south. The myth itself must have had some
local origin, but has had so much Greek detail grafted upon it that the
very names of the earlier Sicel deities have been displaced.

CASTRO URDIALES, a seaport of northern Spain, in the province of
Santander, situated on the bay of Biscay and at the head of a branch
railway connected with the Bilbao-Santander line. Pop. (1870) about
3500; (1900) 14,191. Castro Urdiales is a modern town, although its
castle and parish church date from the middle ages. It was destroyed by
the French in 1813, but speedily rebuilt and fortified. Its rapid rise
in population and prosperity dates from the increased development of
iron-mining and railway communication which took place after 1879. Its
chief industries are iron-mining, fishing, and the preservation of fish,
especially sardines, in oil. Between 1894 and 1904 the exports of iron
ore rose from 277,200 tons to 516,574 tons.

CASTRO Y BELLVIS, GUILLEN DE (1569-1631), Spanish dramatist, was a
Valencian b