1780, having married a
second time in England although his first wife was still living in
America.

Soon after his death a new edition of the _Travels_ was brought out by
the well-known Quaker physician and author, Dr John Coakley Lettsom
(1744-1815), who "edited" the work and furnished a biographical
introduction. Some doubt seems to have been early entertained as to the
real authorship of the work, Oliver Wolcott in 1792 writing to Jedediah
Morse, the geographer, that Carver was too unlettered to have written
it, and that in his belief the book was the work of some literary hack.
Careful investigation of Indian life and north-western history, notably
by H.R. Schoolcraft in 1823, William H. Keating in his narrative of
Major Long's Expedition (1824), and Robert Greenhow in his _History of
Oregon_ (1844), showed a remarkable similarity between the _Travels_ and
the accounts of several French authorities, but these criticisms were
scarcely noticed by later writers. Finally Professor E.G. Bourne, in a
paper contributed to the _American Historical Review_ for January 1906,
proved beyond dispute that the bulk of Carver's alleged narrative was
merely a close paraphrase of Charlevoix's _Journal_, La Hontan's _New
Voyages to North America_, and James Adair's _History of the American
Indians._ Professor Bourne's theory is that the entire book was probably
the work of the facile Dr Lettsom, whose personal relations with Carver
are known to have been intimate, the "journal" alone, which constituted
an inconsiderable part of the whole, having been, in part, founded on
Carver's random notes and recollections.

See also J.G. Godfrey, _Jonathan Carver; His Travels in the
North-west, 1766-1768_ (No. 5 of the Parkman Club Publications,
Milwaukee, Wis., 1896), and Daniel S. Durrie, "Captain Jonathan Carver
and the Carver Grant," in vol. vi. of the Wisconsin Historical
Society's _Collections_ (1872).

CARVING. To carve (A.S. _ceorfan_: connected with Gr. [Greek: graphein])
is to cut, whatever the material; but apart from the domestic sense of
carving meat, the word is more particularly associated with the art of
sculpture. The name of sculptor (see SCULPTURE) is commonly reserved for
the great masters of the art, especially in stone and marble, while that
of carver is given to the artists or workmen who execute the subordinate
decorations of architecture. The word is also specially applied to
sculpture in ivory (q.v.)