of the Canadian Ministry of Environment, 3)
the human being/machine coupling before, during and after the MT process, which
is not inevitably economical compared to traditional translation.

The authors favour "a workstation for the human translator" more than a "robot
translator":

"The recent research on the probabilist methods permitted in fact to demonstrate
that it was possible to modelize in a very efficient way some simple aspects of
the translation relationship between two texts. For example, methods were set up
to calculate the correct alignment between the text sentences and their
translation, that is, to identify the sentence(s) of the source text which
correspond(s) to each sentence of the translation. Applied on a large scale,
these techniques allow the use of archives of a translation service to build a
translation memory which will often permit the recycling of previous translation
fragments. Such systems are already available on the translation market (IBM
Translation Manager II, Trados Translator's Workbench by Trados, RALI
TransSearch, etc.)

The most recent research focuses on models able to automatically set up the
correspondences at a finer level than the sentence level: syntagms and words.
The results obtained foresee a whole family of new tools for the human
translator, including aids for terminological studying, aids for dictation and
translation typing, and detectors of translation errors."

5. LANGUAGE-RELATED RESEARCH

[In this chapter:]

[5.1. Machine Translation Research / 5.2. Computational Linguistics / 5.3.
Language Engineering / 5.4. Internationalization and Localization]

5.1. Machine Translation Research

The CL/MT Research Group (Computational Linguistics (CL) and Machine Translation
(MT) Group) is a research group in the Department of Language and Linguistics at
the University of Essex, United Kingdom. It serves as a focus for research in
computational, and computationally oriented, linguistics. It has been in
existence since the late 1980s, and has played a role in a number of important
computational linguistics research projects.

Founded in 1986, the Center for Machine Translation (CMT) is now a research
center within the new Language Technologies Institute at the School of Computer
Science at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It
conducts advanced research and development in a suite of technologies for
natural language processing, with a p