ws on, 573

Ideals, energy evoked by, why greater than in case of rational ends, 272
usefulness of, 272;
how limited, 273

Ideas, abstract, more powerful than practical, views on cited, 585

_Il Principe_ (Machiavelli's), dedication of, 215
Nourrisson's praise of, 227
Pole's attention called to, 214
publication of, 214;
interpretation of, by all later history, 213;
known to Pole and Cromwell, 214
various criticisms of, 218

Immaculate Conception, doctrine of, Archbishop of St. Louis on, 545

Income Tax, known in Middle Ages, 39

Independent congregations, advocacy of toleration by, 52

_Index_, the Church's instrument of preventing scandal by literature,
469-471
institution and origin of, 215, 495
permanent exclusion of _Il Principe_ by, 215
power of, in Germany, 473
reform of, urged on and effected by the Vatican Council, 495, 525, 531
sanction of, 544

Indifference, religious, of educated Protestants, 350-51

Indulgences granted by Pius V., in connection with war against the
heretics, 141

Infallibility, Papal--
attitude to, of Lamennais, 462-4, 465, 466
Bavarian warning against adoption of, by Vatican Council, 511
_Civilta Cattolica_ on, 500-501
continental discussions on, 518
debate on, at Vatican Council, 532-549
declaration of, urged on Vatican Council, 499
definition of, not to be made, by Vatican Council, 518
discussion and definition of, by Vatican Council, 525-49
doctrine of the Jesuits, 498;
establishment of, Vatican Council, 499
opinions in England, on discussion of, at Vatican Council, 507
opposition to, 502-4
origin of doctrine of, 513-515
to be presented at Vatican Council, 500-501
proposed by Cardoni at commission of preparation for Vatican Council, 500

Infidelity, growth of, due to intolerance, 256

Innocent III., commonly reported as founder of the Inquisition, 553;
intolerance of, 431
treatment of heretics, 568

Innocent IV., Pope, _cited_, 206

Innocent X., Pope, protest against Peace of Westphalia, 324-25

Innocent XI., Doellinger's proposed history of, 433

Innocent XI., Pope, and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, 147

Inquisition, the, earlier and later, distinction between aims and
characteristics of, 552
Lea's view on, 568
Machiavelli denounced to, 214-15
never admitted into England, 59
origin of, controversy on, 553
period of its activity and decline, 574
problem of,