compatibility of, frequent, 252
necessity for, in Church and State, 252
religious, in relation to religious freedom, 152

Universal suffrage, of what school the triumph, 590

University of Paris and the Inquisition, 570

Ussher, Archbishop, advocate of passive obedience to kings, 47

Utilitarianism in classical ages, 17

Utrecht Psalter, story of, 551

Vaissete, 565

Valois, Margaret of, _see_ Navarre, Queen of

Vasari, paintings by, in the Sixtine Chapel, of the Massacre of
St. Bartholomew, 135

Vatican Council, 431, 492-550
constitution of, 501-11
convened by Pius IX., 492;
approbation of Pius IX.'s action in convening, 492-511
decree of, dissatisfaction with, 531
discussion on validity of dicta of, 548
Infallibility, doctrine of, its victory over opposition, 543
letter from German bishops to, on doctrinal points, 517
methods of, reformed to involve admission of Papal Infallibility, 539
opening of, 511
opposition at, 492-511, 525-9
preparations for, 492-511
proceedings of, 527-50
programme of, discussed in _The Reform of the Church in its Head and
Members_, 494-6
representation on:--
by Belgium, 507
by England, 506
by France, 504
by Germany, 505
by Italy, 508
by Portugal, 507
by Spain, 507
Strossmayer prevented by, from protesting, 541

_Vaticinia Pontificum_, Lea's knowledge of, 560

Vauban, Marshal, 48

Vaudois, the, of Provence, extermination of, by Louis XII., 217

Vavasour, Sir Edward, acquaintance of, with Doellinger, 388

Venice, extinction of, as State, 283
not surprised by the Massacre of St. Bartholomew, 109;
the event celebrated at, 125
and political murders, 213, 214
withdrawal of, from the League, 105, 107
republic of, nature, 49

Vergennes, _cited_ on political judgment, 227

Vergniaud, on the laws in relation to the will of the people, 276

Verona, centre of historical work, 387

Vespucci, 562

Veuillot, Louis, Doellinger on, 428
and the _Droit du Seigneur_, 566
Montalembert, _cited_ on, 428

Vico, 590

Vienna, Congress of, dynastic interests
predominant at, 282-3
effects of, on ideas of nationality, 283

Vienne, Inquisition at, and Servetus, 184

Villari, admiration of Machiavelli, 226

Vinet, 591

Virginia and Maryland, 187

Visconti family, models for Machiavelli, 212

_Vitae Paparum Avenionensium_, utilised by Lea and others, 559

Vives, toleration tau