ason of their persecution, 169

Socinus, partial advocate of toleration, 52

Socrates, 406; on democracy, 71
death of, crowning act of guilt of Athenian government, 12
method of, essentially democratic, 71
records of, 409
view of, on laws of country as sole guide of conduct, 18

Solon, decentralisation of power advised by, to remedy social
disorders, 7
doctrine of, that political power should be commensurate with
public service, 8
influence of, on democracy, 66, 68
revision of laws of Athens by, 6
good results of his forethought in providing for revision of
Athenian constitution, 7, 8

Sophists, doctrine of, 70
their ideas of utilitarianism, 17

Sorbin, Confessor of Charles IX., and the Orleans massacres, 126;
his account of the death of Charles IX., 126-7 & _note_
on premeditation of the Massacre of St. Bartholomew, 112

Soto, on political conscience, 216
_cited_ on assassination as a political resource, 213

Spain (_see also_ Cadiz Constitution), abortive monarchy of (1812), 89
absolute monarchy in, due to appropriation of tribunal of Inquisition, 41
designs against, of Charles IX., utilisation in, of the Protestants,
105, 116
effect on, of the Massacre of St. Bartholomew, 124, 143
and the Inquisition, 152
Montalembert's journey to, 425
national character of rejection of French forces and ideas, 281
Parliamentary system of, origin, 34
reasons for persecution in, 170
and representation on Vatican Council, 507
view in, of the planned character of the Massacre of St. Bartholomew, 124

Spinoza, advocate of passive obedience to the State, 48
interpreter of Machiavelli, 228

Spirit of the American Revolution, what it was, 587;
what it was not, 584-5

Spondanus, Bishop, on Gregory XIII., reasons for permitting the Navarre
marriage, 128

Stahl, J., 589; injustice of Doellinger to, 391

Stahr, A., _cited_ on historical deductions, 221

Stanley, Dean, considered Vatican Council important to all
denominations, 493

State, the (_see also_ Church and State), authority of, excessive in
ancient times, insufficient in Middle Ages, 4
free constitution of, free action of Church a test of, 246
limitations of its duties, 3
and religious liberty, 151-3
sole authority according to modern theory, 151
sole care of the Absolutists, eighteenth century, 273

State Church, its connection with the community, 260
of Ireland, Goldwin Smith on