ril 29, " 3 None
May 6, " 24 5
May 13, " 2 1,260
May 20, " 7 13
May 27, " 7 7
June 3, " 36 21
June 10, " 36 21
June 17, " 19 19
June 24, " 3 1
July 1, " 9 29
July 8, " 15 2
July 15, " 12 13
July 22, " 2 None
235 1,641

The first year of the Great War came to an end with the German
submarines as active in the "war zone" as they had been during any
part of it. On the 28th of July, 1915, the anniversary of the
commencement of the war, there was reported the sinking of nine
vessels. These were the Swedish steamer _Emma_, the three Danish
schooners _Maria_, _Neptunis,_ and _Lena_, the British steamer
_Mangara_, the trawlers _Iceni_ and _Salacia_, the _Westward_ Ho, and
the Swedish bark _Sagnadalen_. No lives were lost with any of these
vessels.

The first year of the war closed with a cloud gathered over the heads
of the members of the German admiralty raised by the irritation the
submarine attacks in the "war zone" had caused. Germany's enemies
protested against the illegality of these attacks; neutral nations
protested because they held that their rights had been overridden. But
the German press showed the feeling of the German public on the
matter--at the end of July, 1915, it was as anxious as ever to have
the attacks continued. Conflicting claims were issued in Germany and
England. In the former country it was claimed that the attacks had
seriously damaged commerce; in the latter it was claimed that the
damage was of little account.

PART VI--THE EASTERN FRONT--AUSTRO-RUSSIAN CAMPAIGN

CHAPTER XXXV

THE CARPATHIAN CAMPAIGN--REVIEW OF THE SITUATION

In the beginning of 1915 comparative calm reigned over the
Austro-Russian theatre of war, so far as actual hostilities were
concerned. But it was not altogether the variable climatic conditions
of alternate frost and thaw--the latter converting road and valley
into impassable quagmires--that caused th