s where there is
necrosis, or gangrene, of the lungs.

In some diseases there is a discharge from the nose. In order to
determine the significance of the discharge it should be examined
closely. One should ascertain whether it comes from one or both
nostrils. If but from one nostril, it probably originates in the head.
The color should be noted. A thin, watery discharge may be composed of
serum, and it occurs in the earlier stages of coryza, or nasal catarrh.
An opalescent, slightly tinted discharge is composed of mucus and
indicates a little more severe irritation. If the discharge is sticky
and puslike, a deeper difficulty or more advanced irritation is
indicated. If the discharge contains flakes and clumps of more or less
dried, agglutinated particles, it is probable that it originates within
a cavity of the head, as the sinuses or guttural pouches. The discharge
of glanders is of a peculiar sticky nature and adheres tenaciously to
the wings of the nostrils. The discharge of pneumonia is of a somewhat
red or reddish brown color and, on this account has been described as a
prune-juice discharge. The discharge may contain blood. If the blood
appears as clots or as streaks in the discharge, it probably originates
at some point in the upper part of the respiratory tract. If the blood
is in the form of a fine froth, it comes from the lungs.

In examining the interior of the nasal passage one should remember that
the normal color of the mucous membrane is a rosy pink and that its
surface is smooth. If ulcers, nodules, swellings, or tumors are found,
these indicate disease. The ulcer that is characteristic of glanders is
described fully in connection with the discussion of that disease.

Between the lower jaws there are several clusters of lymphatic glands.
These glands are so small and so soft that it is difficult to find them
by feeling through the skin, but when a suppurative disease exists in
the upper part of the respiratory tract these glands become swollen and
easy to feel. They may become soft and break down and discharge as
abscesses; this is seen constantly in strangles. On the other hand, they
may become indurated and hard from the proliferation of connective
tissue and attach themselves to the jawbone, to the tongue, or to the
skin. This is seen in chronic glanders. If the glands are swollen and
tender to pressure, it indicates that the disease causing the
enlargement is acute; if they are hard and insensitive