he digestive canal that fit them for
absorption and deposition as integral parts of the animal economy.

The age and health of the animal will, of course, modify the
digestibility of feeds, as will also the manner and time of harvesting,
preserving, and preparing.

In the horse digestion takes place principally in the intestines, and
here, as in all other animals and with all feeds, it is found that a
certain part only of the provender is digested; another portion is
undigested. This proportion of digested and undigested feed must claim
passing notice at least, for if the horse receives too much feed, or
bulky feed containing much indigestible waste, a large portion of it
must pass out unused, entailing not only the loss of this unused feed,
but also calling for an unnecessary expenditure of vital force on the
part of the digestive organs of the horse. It is thus that, in fact, too
much feed may make an animal poor.

In selecting feed for the horse we should remember the anatomical
arrangement of the digestive organs, as well as the physiological
functions performed by each one of them. Feeds must be wholesome, clean,
and sweet, the hours of feeding regular, the mode of preparation found
by practical experience to be the best must be adhered to, and
cleanliness in preparation and administration must be observed.

The length of time occupied by stomach digestion in the horse varies
with the different feeds. Hay and straw pass out of the stomach more
rapidly than oats. It would seem to follow, then, that oats should be
given after hay, for if reversed the hay would cause the oats to be sent
onward into the intestines before being fully acted upon by the stomach,
and as a result produce indigestion. Experience confirms this. There is
another good reason why hay should be given first, particularly if the
horse is very hungry or if exhausted from overwork, namely, it requires
more time in mastication (insuring proper admixture of saliva) and can
not be bolted, as are the grains. In either instance water must not be
given soon after feeding, as it washes or sluices the feed from the
stomach before it is fitted for intestinal digestion.

The stomach begins to empty itself very soon after the commencement of
feeding, and continues rapidly while eating. Afterwards the passage is
slower, and several hours are required before the stomach is entirely
empty. The nature of the work required of the horse must guide us in the
sele