Lonicera Periclymenum.
Carduus heterophyllus.
tataricus.
Scrophularia aquatica.
Symphytum officinale.
Anchusa ochroleuca.
paniculata.
*Primula sinensis!
Salix babylonica.
Hyacinthus, sp.
Tulipa, sp.

Some of the above are probably cases of mere virescence rather than of
phyllody. For further illustrations, references to authorities, &c., see
under Chloranthy, Virescence, Prolification, &c.

=Phyllody of the ovules.=--Pending the settlement of the existing
differences of opinion with reference to the morphological nature of the
ovule and its component parts, much interest attaches to the
malformations to which they are occasionally subject. Considered purely
in a teratological point of view, it seems clear that the ovular coats
are usually, if not always, of foliar nature, while the central nucleus
is an axial organ; but if this be so there still remains the question
whether the leafy coats of the ovule are processes of the carpel itself,
or distinct independent formations, like the scales of a leaf-bud; as to
this latter point, the evidence is at present very conflicting. Prof.
Al. Braun, who has devoted much attention to the subject, describes and
figures ovules of _Nigella_ and _Adonis_, wherein the outer coat of the
ovule was converted into a leafy, lobed mass, like the ordinary leaves,
and these he considers to be a portion, not of the carpel, but of the
ovular bud; he, however, hesitates to pronounce an opinion on the nature
of the pedicel of the ovule. In _Primulaceae_, wherein ovular changes are
very common, the leafy coat of the ovule would seem, from the nature of
the placenta, to be independent of the carpel. Morren, who studied the
changes in the ovules of _Primula sinensis_, applied the term
lepyrophylly ([Greek: lepyron], a scale) to the foliaceous condition of
the testa in this plant. Unger[267] describes a series of malformations
in _Primula sinensis_, consisting chiefly of reversions of the part of
the flower to leaves. The carpels were entirely absent in this case, and
the place of the free central placenta was occupied by a circle of
leaves, sometimes bearing imperfect ovules on their edges. An instance
of a similar kind has been described by A. de Candolle.[268]

In these flowers the placenta seemed to be composed of several funiculi
soldered together, and bearing imperfect ovules. In other cases no
traces of ovules are visible, but the funiculi are in a