ligion and liberty,
infested the Roman limits, and maintained their perpetual alliance with
the enemies of the empire and the gospel.

[Footnote 17: Petrus Siculus, (p. 763, 764,) the continuator of
Theophanes, (l. iv. c. 4, p. 103, 104,) Cedrenus, (p. 541, 542, 545,)
and Zonaras, (tom. ii. l. xvi. p. 156,) describe the revolt and exploits
of Carbeas and his Paulicians.]

[Footnote 18: Otter (Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, tom. ii.) is
probably the only Frank who has visited the independent Barbarians of
Tephrice now Divrigni, from whom he fortunately escaped in the train of
a Turkish officer.]

[Footnote 19: In the history of Chrysocheir, Genesius (Chron. p. 67-70,
edit. Venet.) has exposed the nakedness of the empire. Constantine
Porphyrogenitus (in Vit. Basil. c. 37-43, p. 166-171) has displayed
the glory of his grandfather. Cedrenus (p. 570-573) is without their
passions or their knowledge.]

[Footnote 20: How elegant is the Greek tongue, even in the mouth of
Cedrenus!]

Chapter LIV: Origin And Doctrine Of The Paulicians.--Part II.

About the middle of the eight century, Constantine, surnamed Copronymus
by the worshippers of images, had made an expedition into Armenia, and
found, in the cities of Melitene and Theodosiopolis, a great number
of Paulicians, his kindred heretics. As a favor, or punishment, he
transplanted them from the banks of the Euphrates to Constantinople
and Thrace; and by this emigration their doctrine was introduced and
diffused in Europe. [21] If the sectaries of the metropolis were soon
mingled with the promiscuous mass, those of the country struck a deep
root in a foreign soil. The Paulicians of Thrace resisted the storms
of persecution, maintained a secret correspondence with their Armenian
brethren, and gave aid and comfort to their preachers, who solicited,
not without success, the infant faith of the Bulgarians. [22] In the
tenth century, they were restored and multiplied by a more powerful
colony, which John Zimisces [23] transported from the Chalybian hills
to the valleys of Mount Haemus. The Oriental clergy who would have
preferred the destruction, impatiently sighed for the absence, of the
Manichaeans: the warlike emperor had felt and esteemed their valor:
their attachment to the Saracens was pregnant with mischief; but, on
the side of the Danube, against the Barbarians of Scythia, their service
might be useful, and their loss would be desirable. Their exile in a
distant