efense is being developed

Military expenditures - dollar figure: $NA

Military expenditures - percent of GDP: NA%

Transnational Issues Tonga

Disputes - international: none

This page was last updated on 1 January 2002

========================================================================

Togo

Introduction

Togo

Background: French Togoland became Togo in 1960. General Gnassingbe
EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, is Africa's longest-serving
head of state. Despite the facade of multiparty elections instituted in
the early 1990s, the government continues to be dominated by President
EYADEMA, whose Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) party has maintained
power almost continually since 1967. In addition, Togo has come under
fire from international organizations for human rights abuses and is
plagued by political unrest. Most bilateral and multilateral aid to Togo
remains frozen.

Geography Togo

Location: Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin
and Ghana

Geographic coordinates: 8 00 N, 1 10 E

Map references: Africa

Area: total: 56,785 sq km water: 2,400 sq km land: 54,385 sq km

Area - comparative: slightly smaller than West Virginia

Land boundaries: total: 1,647 km border countries: Benin 644 km,
Burkina Faso 126 km, Ghana 877 km

Coastline: 56 km

Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 30 NM

Climate: tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

Terrain: gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern
plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes

Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point:
Mont Agou 986 m

Natural resources: phosphates, limestone, marble, arable land

Land use: arable land: 41% permanent crops: 2% other: 57% (1998 est.)

Irrigated land: 70 sq km (1998 est.)

Natural hazards: hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north
during winter; periodic droughts

Environment - current issues: deforestation attributable to
slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; water pollution
presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry; air pollution
increasing in urban areas

Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate
Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear
Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83,
Tropical Timber 94, We