death, 15.

Peter the Hermit. See Crusades.

Peter II. of Aragon surrenders his kingdom to the pope, ii, 200, 231.

Peter III of Aragon assists John of Procida, i. 483;
he accepts the crown of Sicily, 484.

Peter IV. of Aragon, character and reign of, ii. 39;
consequences of his attempts to settle the crown on his daughter, _ib._

Petrarch on the state of France in 1360, i. 59, _note_;
his extravagant views relative to Rome, 418, _note_;
his personal characteristics, iii. 449 and _note_ e;
his great popularity, 450;
his goldsmith host, _ib._ _note_ f;
his passion for Laura, 451;
character of his poetry, 452 and _note_;
his efforts for the preservation of manuscripts, 461;
was Laura married or single? 482-484.

Philip Augustus, accession of, i. 26;
he cites John king of England before him, _ib._;
deprives the English crown of its French possessions, 27;
joins in the third crusade, 40;
his request to an abbot relative to coinage, 206;
pope Gregory's menaces towards him, ii. 192;
his fear of Innocent III., 197;
takes back his repudiated wife, 199.

Philip III. (the Bold), accession of, i. 42;
his conduct towards the archbishop of Lyons, 45;
he taxes the clergy, ii. 219 _note_ h.

Philip IV. (the Fair), accession of, i. 43;
policy adopted by him, _ib._;
his resentment against the English king, _ib. note_;
his fraudulent conduct towards him, 44;
successful resistance of the Flemings against his attacks, 44 and
_note_ a;
his further acquisitions, 44;
and siege of Lyons, 45;
claims a right to debase the coin, 206 _note_ q;
his character according to Guizot, 224 _note_;
he convokes the States-General, 225 and _note_;
his motives in embodying the deputies of towns, 226;
he taxes the clergy, ii. 228;
he arrests the pope's legate, 230;
he burns the pope's bulls, _ib._;
retaliation of the pope, 231;
his stratagem against the pope, 232;
its consequences, _ib._

Philip V. (the Long), assumption of the regency of France by, i. 45;
violates his treaty with his brother's widow, 46;
Salic law confirmed in his reign, 48 decrees the abolition of
serfdom, 202;
result of his attempt at an excise on salt, 228.

Philip VI. (of Valois) regency and coronation of, i. 48;
sketch of his character, 53;
his debasements of the co