te_ g.

Scanderbeg, protracted opposition to the Turks by, ii. 138.

Scandinavia and her Sea Kings, ii. 271.

Sclavonians, territories occupied by the, i. 19.

Scotus (Duns), notices of, iii. 427, 428 _note_ i, 429.

Scotus (John), an exception to the ignorance of his times, iii. 290 and
_note_ r;
character of the philosophy introduced by him, 430 _note_ p.

Scrope (lord steward), answers to the commons by, iii. 60;
cause of his dismissal from office, 66.

Serfdom and villenage, distinctive features of, i. 197-200.
See Villeins.

Servitude enforced upon the cultivators of the soil in the middle ages,
i. 328, 329;
contrary hypothesis of M. Guerard, 329-331.

Sforza Attendolo, rise to distinction of, i. 481;
his tactics relative to the crown of Naples, 489, 490.

Sforza (Francesco), powerful position achieved by, i. 483;
becomes duke of Milan, _ib._;
joins in the quadruple league, 493;
his policy towards Naples, 504;
accession and assassination of his son Galeazzo, 496;
policy of Ludovico Sforza, _ib._;
he directs the French king's attention towards Naples, 505;
short-sightedness of his views, _ib._

Sheriffs, partiality of, in elections, iii. 113;
how originally appointed, 120 and _note_ y.

Sicily, conquest of, by Roger Guiscard, i. 363;
its subsequent fortunes, 378;
its rebellion against Charles of Anjou, 483;
the Sicilian Vespers, 484 and _note_;
opposition of the Sicilians to Charles II. of Naples, 484;
settlement of the crown on Frederic, 485;
Sicilian possessions of the Chiaramonti, 490;
union of Sicily with Aragon, _ib._

Sigismund elected emperor of Germany, ii. 87 and _note_ g;
his safe-conduct violated, 102;
acquires the crown of Hungary, 104;
his conduct at the council of Constance, 249.

Silk manufacture established in Palermo, iii. 331.

Silvester II. (pope), scientific acquirements of, iii. 290, 291 _note_.

Simony. See Church, Clergy.

Slavery, existence of, in ancient times, i, 197;
its features amongst the Franks, 198 and _note_ q;
voluntarily submitted to from superstitious motives, 199;
edicts for its abolition, 202;
submitted to by the poor for subsistence sake, 328;
Venetian and English slave-trading, iii. 316 and _note_ d.

Society, state of.
See Architecture, Chivalry, Clergy, Feudal System, Learning