e republic. The first covers the Goajira peninsula, which formerly
belonged to the department of Magdalena, and the other three roughly
correspond to the drainage basins of the three great rivers of the
eastern plains whose names they bear. These territories formerly
belonged to the departments of Boyaca, Cundinamarca and Cauca. The seven
new departments are: Atlantico, taken from the northern extremity of
Bolivar; Caldas, the southern part of Antioquia; Galan, the southern
districts of Santander, including Charala, Socorro, Velez, and its
capital San Gil; Huila, the southern part of Tolima, including the
headwaters of the Magdalena and the districts about Neiva and La Plata;
Narino, the southern part of Cauca extending from the eastern Cordillera
to the Pacific coast; Quesada, a cluster of small, well-populated
districts north of Bogota formerly belonging to Cundinamarca, including
Zipaquira, Guatavita, Ubate and Pacho; and Tundama, the northern part of
Boyaca lying on the frontier of Galan in the vicinity of its capital
Santa Rosa. The Federal District consists of a small area surrounding
the national capital taken from the department of Cundinamarca. These
fifteen departments are subdivided into provinces, 92 in all, and these
into municipalities, of which there are 740.

The larger cities and towns of the republic other than the department
capitals, with their estimated populations in 1904, are:--

Aguadas (Antioquia) 13,000
Antioquia " 13,000
Barbacoas (Narino) 16,000
Buga (Cauca) 12,500
Cali (Cauca) 16,000
Chiquinquira (Boyaca) 18,000
La Mesa (Cundinamarca) 10,000
Pamplona (Santander) 11,000
Palmira (Cauca) 15,000
Pie de Cuesta (Santander) 12,000
Puerto Nacional 16,000
Rio Negro (Antioquia) 12,000
Santa Rosa de Osos (Antioquia) 11,000
Sonson 15,000
San Jose de Cucuta (Santander) 13,000
Soata (Boyaca) 16,000
Socorro (Galan) 20,000
Velez " 15,000

Among the smaller towns which deserve mention are Ambalema on the upper
Magdalena, celebrated for its tobacco and cigars; Buenaventura (q.v.);
Chaparral (9000), a market town of Tolima in the valley of the Saldana,
with coal, iron and petroleum in its vicinity; Honda (600