th Holland,
signed on the 20th of July 1881; (5) a treaty of peace and friendship
with Spain, signed on the 30th of January 1881; (6) a convention with
Spain for the reciprocal protection of intellectual property; (7) a
concordat with the Vatican, signed on the 31st of December 1887; (8) an
agreement with the Vatican, signed on the 20th of August 1892, in
connexion with ecclesiastical jurisdiction; (9) an agreement with the
republic of San Salvador, signed on the 24th of December 1880, in regard
to the despatch of a delegate to an international congress; (10) a
treaty of peace, friendship and commerce with Germany, signed on the
23rd of July 1892; (11) a treaty with the republic of Costa Rica, signed
in 1880, for the delimitation of the boundary; (12) the postal
convention, signed at Washington, on the 4th of July 1891; (13) a
convention with Great Britain, signed on the 31st of July 1896, in
connexion with the claim of Messrs Punchard, M'Taggart, Lowther & Co.;
(14) a treaty of friendship, commerce and navigation with Peru, signed
on the 6th of August 1898; (15) an extradition treaty with Peru, signed
on the 6th of August 1898; (16) a treaty of peace, friendship and
defensive alliance with Venezuela, signed on the 21st of November 1896,
and on the same date a treaty regulating the frontier commerce. (G. E.)

AUTHORITIES.--C. E. Akers, _A History of South America, 1854-1904_
(New York, 1905); J. J. Borda, _Compendio de historia de Colombia_
(Bogota, 1890); Salvador Roldan Camacho, _Notas de viaje_ (Bogota,
1890), and _Escritos varios_ (Bogota, 1892); Dr Alfred Hettner,
_Reisen in den colombianischen Anden_ (Leipzig, 1888); Angel Lemos,
_Compendio de geografia de la Republica de Colombia_ (Medellin, 1894);
Albert Millican, _Travels and Adventures of an Orchid Hunter_ (London,
1891); J. M. Cordovez Mauro, _Reminiscencias Santafe y Bogota_
(Bogota, 1899); Norris and Laird (Bureau of Navigation), _Telegraphic
Determination of Longitudes in Mexico, Central America, the West
Indies, and on the North Coast of South America_ (Washington, 1891);
R. Nunez and H. Jalhay, _La Republique de Colombia, geographie,
histoire, &c._ (Bruxelles, 1893); J. M. Q. Otero, _Historia Patria_
(Bogota, 1891); Lisimaco Palau, _La Republica de Colombia_ (1893); M.
Paz and F. Perez, _Atlas geografico e historico de la Republica de
Colombia_ (1893); R. S. Pereira, _Les Etats Unis de Colombia_ (Paris,
1883); Felipe Per