hat the proceeds of the sales should be used to
pay the passage of emigrants going out as labourers. This idea had
hardly been published when it was adopted by the home government, and
five shillings an acre was fixed as the minimum price of land. The
number of emigrants increased rapidly, but the new system threatened
ruin to the owners of sheep-runs. Unable to pay the stipulated price,
they only moved further into the interior and occupied fresh land
without seeking government permission, an unlicensed occupation which
has left its mark upon the language in the word "squatter". At last in
1837 a compromise was arranged, by which the squatters were to pay a
small rent for their runs, the crown retaining the freehold with the
right to sell it to others at some future date. In 1834 the British
government sanctioned the formation of a new colony, that of South
Australia. It was to be settled from the outset on the Wakefield system,
and no convicts were ever sent to it. The first lots were sold as high
as twelve shillings an acre, and in 1836 a company of emigrants went out
and founded Adelaide.

APPENDICES.

I. ON AUTHORITIES.

II. ADMINISTRATIONS, 1801-1837.

APPENDIX I.

ON AUTHORITIES.[141]

(1) General histories of England for the period 1801-1837: MASSEY,
_History of England during the Reign of George the Third_ (4 vols., 2nd
ed., 1865), closes with the treaty of Amiens in 1802, and therefore
barely touches this period. There is still room for a general history of
England on an adequate scale between 1802 and 1815. After that date we
have HARRIET MARTINEAU, _History of England during the Thirty Years'
Peace_ (1816-1846, 2 vols., 1849, 1850). This was begun by Charles
Knight, the publisher, who brought it down to 1819. From 1820 onwards it
is Miss Martineau's own work. It is too nearly contemporary to depend on
any authorities except such as were published at the time, and it
represents in the main the popular view of public events and public men
held by liberals at the time. Sir SPENCER WALPOLE'S _History of England
from the Conclusion of the Great War in 1815_ (6 vols., revised ed.,
1890), a work of high quality and thoroughly trustworthy, full of
references to the best published authorities, sympathises with the whigs
and more liberal tories. Reference is sometimes made