ls at (the rate of) sixty miles an
hour, etc.

The Pronoun.

The PERSONAL PRONOUNS are, in the nominative: _Mi_, I; _vi_, you (sing.
and pl.); _ni_, we; _li_, he; _sxi_, she; _gxi_, it; _ili_, they.

The archaic English _thou_ may be translated by _ci_.

The Accusative case of the personal pronouns is formed like that of
nouns and adjectives, by adding *-n*. Thus: _Min_, me; _vin_, you;
_nin_, us; _lin_, him; _sxin_, her; _gxin_, it; _ilin_, them.

The REFLEXIVE PRONOUN of the 3rd person is _si_ (accusative _sin_),
standing for _himself_, _herself_, _itself_, _one's-self_, or
_themselves_, as the case may be. There is no special reflexive form for
the pronouns of the 1st and 2nd person, _I_, _we_, and _you_.

The INDEFINITE PERSONAL PRONOUN is _oni_ (= the French _on_)--one,
people, they, you. Ex.: _Li amas sin_, he loves himself; _sxi amas sin_,
she loves herself; _gxi montras sin_, it shows itself; _ili diras al
si_, they say to themselves; _oni vidas sin_, one sees one's-self; _mi
lavas min_, I wash myself; _vi lauxdas vin_, you praise yourself.

Possessive Adjectives or Pronouns.

By adding the adjectival ending *-a* to the personal pronouns, the
POSSESSIVE Adjectives and Pronouns are obtained. Thus: _Mia_, my, mine;
_cia_, thy, thine; _via_, your, yours; _nia_, our, ours; _lia_, his;
_sxia_, her, hers; _gxia_, its; _sia_ (reflexive), his, her(s), its,
their(s), one's.

NOTE the following use of _sia_. In English the sentence, "He saw his
friend with his brother," is not clear. Does it mean that he saw his
friend (1) with his _friend's brother_, or (2) with his _own brother_?
In Esperanto, the use of _sia_ makes the meaning quite clear; (1) would
be: _Li vidis sian amikon kun LIA frato_, and (2) would be: _Li vidis
sian amikon kun SIA frato_.

The word _mem_, meaning _-self or -selves_, may be added to a personal
pronoun to give emphasis. Thus: _Konu vin mem_, know thyself; _li iris
mem_, he went himself; _li mem_, himself; _li parolis al si mem_, he
spoke to himself.

Like other adjectives, possessives agree in case and number with the
noun to which they refer. Ex.:

_lia libro_, his book; _liaj libroj_, his books;
_sxi havas lian, kaj li havas sxian_, she has his, and he has hers;
_liaj estas la plej bonaj libroj_, his are the best books;
_mi preferas miajn_, I prefer mine; _li preferas siajn_, he prefers his;
_ili preferas siajn_, they prefer theirs.

Demonstrative Adjec