u_, _cxiu_, and _neniu_ are also used with nouns. Thus: _Kiun
libron vi deziras?_ Which book do you desire? _Iun ajn libron._ Any
book. _Iu homo_, any man, some man or other. _Cxiu bona patro amas siajn
infanojn_, every good father loves his children. _Cxiuj liaj amikoj_ (or
_cxiu lia amiko_), all his friends, every friend of his. _Mi renkontis
neniun amikon_, I met no friend.
Other PRONOMINAL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS are:
_multaj(n)_, many; _multo(n)_, much; _malmultaj(n), malmulte da..._, a
few. Ex.: _malmultaj personoj_, few persons; _malmulte da scio_, little
knowledge.
_kelkajn_, some, several; _kelke da..._, some. Ex.: _kelkaj personoj_,
some persons, several persons; _kelke da libroj_, some (quantity of)
books.
_alia(n)_, another, other; _aliaj(n)_, others. Ex.: _ili parolis unu al
alia_, they spoke to one another; _ni parolis unu al la alia_, we spoke
to each other; _unu aux la alia tauxgos_, either (one or the other) will
do; _nek unu nek la alia konvenas_, neither (one nor the other) is
suitable.
_ambaux_ (invariable), both. Ex.: _ambaux venis_, both came; _mi konas
ambaux fratojn_, I know both brothers; _mi vidis ilin ambaux_, I saw
both of them; _mi sxatas ambaux_, I like both.
The Verb.
Tenses.
The VERB in Esperanto has three main Tenses--the Present, Past, and
Future. These are denoted by means of the verbal endings *-as*, *-is*,
and *-os*. Thus, from the root _vid_, see, are formed:
Present. | Past. | Future.
_mi vidas_, I see | _mi vidis_, I saw | _mi vidos_, I shall see
Moods.
Every Esperanto verb has three Moods--the Conditional, the Imperative,
and the Infinitive, which are formed respectively by means of the
endings *-us*, *-u*, and *-i*. Thus:
Conditional. | Imperative. | Infinitive.
_mi vidus_, I should see | _vidu_, see! | _vidi_, to see
The CONDITIONAL Mood is used to express _supposition_; the three Tenses,
on the other hand, are used to express _facts_ or actual happenings.
(For examples, see section "Conjunctions".)
The IMPERATIVE Mood is used to express an order, desire, wish, will,
etc. (See section "Use of Imperative".) Used with the personal pronouns
of the 1st and 2nd persons, this mood corresponds to the English _let_,
used as an expression of a wish. Thus: _mi pensu_, let me think; _li
venu morgaux_, let him come to-morrow; _ili parolu_, let them speak.
NOTE that _let_ sometimes means _
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