onomy of vocabulary is
thus effected, one root-word in Esperanto sufficing, when modified by
suitable affixes, to translate many English words. Many of the affixes
are often met with as single words. In such cases the English
translation is added after the various examples of the affix in
question.

Prefixes.

*bo-* denotes RELATIONSHIP BY MARRIAGE: _patro_, father, _bopatro_,
father-in-law; _filo_, son, _bofilo_, son-in-law.

*dis-* denotes SEPARATION: _jxeti_, to throw, _disjxeti_, to scatter,
throw about; _peli_, to drive along, _dispeli_, to dispel, _fali_, to
fall, _disfali_, to fall apart, fall to pieces.

*ek-* denotes a BEGINNING OF AN ACTION, a MOMENTARY ACTION: _iri_, to
go, _ekiri_, to begin to go, to start; _brili_, to shine, _ekbrili_, to
begin to shine, to flash.

*ge-* denotes the TWO SEXES TAKEN TOGETHER: _patro_, father, _gepatroj_,
father and mother, parents; _frato_, brother, _gefratoj_, brother(s) and
sister(s); _Gesinjoroj B._, Mr. and Mrs. B.

*mal-* denotes the OPPOSITE OF AN IDEA: _bona_, good, _malbona_, bad;
_sxati_, to like, _malsxati_, to dislike; _amiko_, friend, _malamiko_,
enemy; _lauxta_, loud, _mallauxte_, softly.--_Malo_, an opposite;
_male_, on the contrary.

*pra-* is a prefix of RELATIONSHIP, corresponding to the English FORE-,
GREAT-: _patro_, father, _prapatro_, forefather, ancestor; _avo_,
grandfather; _praavo_, great-grandfather; _nepo_, grandson, _pranepo_,
great-grandson.

*re-* denotes RETURN AND REPETITION: _iri_, to go, _reiri_, to go back,
or to go again; _repreni_, to take back; _revidi_, to see again.--_Ree_,
again.

Suffixes.

*-acx* denotes that a word is used in a BAD SENSE, with DISPARAGEMENT:
_domo_, a house, _domacxo_, a hovel; _ridi_, to laugh, _ridacxi_, to
sneer.

*-ad* denotes CONTINUATION OR DURATION of an action: _paroli_, to speak,
_paroladi_, to make a speech; _kanto_, a song, _kantado_, singing;
_vojagxo_, a voyage, _vojagxado_, travelling; _rido_, a laugh, _ridado_,
laughter.

*-ajx* denotes some CONCRETE THING characterized by the idea contained
in the root: _bela_, beautiful, _belajxo_, a beautiful thing; _nutri_,
to feed, nourish, _nutrajxo_ (or _nutrantajxo_), food; _gxentila_,
polite, _gxentilajxo_, a polite act, act of politeness; _bovo_, ox,
_bovajxo_, beef.--_Ajxo_, a thing.

*-an* denotes a PARTISAN OF, a MEMBER, an INHABITANT: _Kristo_, Christ,
_Kristano_, a Christian; _eklezio_, a church, _ekleziano_, a churchman;
_London