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rial (compare _-ing_ above): _mono_, money, _monujo_, purse; _inko_, ink, _inkujo_, inkstand.--_Ujo_, a utensil case, bin. The suffix _-uj_ is also used to denote TREES bearing certain fruits: _pomo_, apple, _pomujo_, apple-tree; _cxerizujo_, cherry-tree; _rozujo_, rose-bush. The word _arbo_, however, is more frequently used in such cases: _pomarbo_, _rozarbeto_, etc. _-Uj_ is also used to denote the NAMES OF COUNTRIES: _Anglo_, Englishman, _Anglujo_, England; _Franco_, a Frenchman, _Francujo_, France. (See footnote 4.) *-ul* denotes a BEING CHARACTERISED BY THE IDEA CONTAINED IN THE ROOT-WORD: _bela_, beautiful, _belulino_, a beautiful woman, a beauty; _kulpo_, blame, _kulpulo_, culprit; _lauxdindulo_, one worthy to be praised; _bonulo_, a good fellow; _bonegulo_, a jolly good fellow. *-um* is an INDEFINITE SUFFIX, like the word _je_ among the prepositions, Thus: _pleni_, to fill, _plenumi_, to fulfil (compare _plenigi_, to fill); _kolo_, neck, _kolumo_, collar; _aero_, air, _aerumi_, to air (a room, clothes, etc.). [Words containing _-um_ should be learnt as independent roots.] Compound Words. In Esperanto, any word can be combined with any other word or words to form a compound word. Considerable use is made of prepositions for this purpose. The requisite grammatical ending must of course be added in each case. The student should carefully study the following words, and also those given above, and endeavour to form words for himself.[9] Ability to form words readily is absolutely necessary to fluent speech or composition in the language. In the examples given below the component parts of the words are separated by a small stroke ('), but these are of course omitted in ordinary usage: _El'iri_, to go out _antaux'cxambro_, antechamber _pri'pensi_, to think over, reflect upon _preter'pasxi_, to pass by _per'labori_, to earn (gain by working) _per'forto_, violence _tra'vivi_, to live through, experience _supre'n'iri_, to go up, ascend _inter'rompi_, to interrupt _kun'veno_, an assembly, meeting _al'paroli_, to address, accost _inter'rilati_, to relate one with another _inter'rilatoj_, inter-relations _inter'nacia_, international _skrib(o)'tablo_, writing-table _dorm(o)'cxambro_, bedroom _naz'tuko_, handkerchief _ter'tremo_, earthquake _glit'
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