as at, 354

Macedonia, Christmas Eve in, 217;
New Year's Eve in, 226, 330, 332;
_Kallikantzaroi_ in, 245;
folk-play in, 300;
Epiphany in, 344

Macee, Claude, 141

Madrid, 97-8, 153, 343

Magi in drama, 125-6, 128-9, 151-3;
as present-bringers, 343

Magic, 163

Man, Isle of, carol-singing in, 99;
_Hollantide_ in, 189, 198, 321; |397|
_Fynnodderee_ in, 246;
"hunting of the wren" in, 292-3

_Mana_, 176-7

Mannhardt, W., 252-3, 313-4

Marguerite of Navarre, 141

Marseilles, "pastorals" at, 141

Martin of Braga, 272

Martin I., Pope, 203

Martinengo-Cesaresco, Countess, 106, 112, 142

Martinmas, an old winter festival, 173, 182, 200, 202-3;
its feasting customs, 202-4;
its bonfires, 204-5;
St. Martin as gift-bringer, and his relation to St. Nicholas, 205-8,
218-9, 277-8

Masking customs, 169-71, 175-6, 199-202, 206, 219, 230-2, 245, 297-302,
304-305, 352

Mass, Midnight, 94-9;
the three Christmas Masses, 94-6

Mechlin, Martinmas at, 206

Mellitus, Abbot, 179

Mexico, Christmas drama in, 154

Michaelmas, 173

Milan, Epiphany play at, 147-8

Milton, 82

Mince-pies, 284

Minnesingers, 36

"Misterio de los Reyes Magos," 128

Mistletoe, 272-4, 276

Mistral, Frederic, 255

Mithra, 23

_Modranicht_, 181

Monasticism and Christmas, 34-5

Mont-St.-Michel, Epiphany king at, 340

Montenegro, Christmas log customs in, 252

Morgan, Lady, 114-5

Morris, William, 85

Morris-dancers, 299-301

Mouthe, "De fructu" at, 288

Mummers' plays, 297-302

Munich, Bavarian National Museum at, 107-8;
Christmas-tree at, 267;
St. Stephen's Day at, 312

Murillo, 65

Mythology, in relation to ritual, 164-5, 176

Naogeorgus, 111, 217, 353

Naples, _zampognari_ at, 112;
_presepio_ at, 113-4;
Christmas plays at, 150;
Epiphany at, 343

_Natalis Invicti_, 23-4, 165

New Year's Day, in Roman Empire, 24, 167-71, 276-7;
opposed in character to Christmas, 25-6;
Teutonic and Celtic, 25, 171-3, 189, 202-4;
Slav, 173;
January 1 made a fast, 101, 170-1;
customs attracted to January 1, 173, 189, 200, 321;
fire not given out, 170-1, 257-8;
charms, omens, and other customs, 182, 321-34;
presents, 168-71, 276-7;
mistletoe connected with, 276

Nicea, Council of, 22

Nicholas, St., his Day related to Martinmas, 173, 207-8, 277-8;
as patron of boys, 218, 220,
of sailor