Ramsgate, hodening at, 200-1

_Rauchnaechte_, 225, 327-8

Rhys, Sir John, 189, 321, 325-6

Ripon, St. Clement's Day at, 212;
Yule candles at, 259;
Candlemas at, 354

Risano, Christmas log customs at, 252

Rolle, Richard, 48

Rome, Christmas established in, 20-1;
pagan winter festivals in, 23-4, 165-71;
Christmas services and customs in, 95-6, 112-6, 289-90;
mediaeval New Year _quete_ in, 331

Rossetti, Christina, 85

Rouen, religious plays at, 124-5, 138-40

Roumania, the "star" in, 152;
Christmas drama in, 153;
St. Andrew's Eve in, 215-6;
Christmas songs in, 238;
Christmas fare in, 287, 291;
New Year in, 330-1;
Epiphany in, 342

Russia, Epiphany ceremonies in, 104, 246;
the "star" in, 152;
Christmas Eve in, 232-3, 237;
fire superstitions in, 253;
Christmas fare in, 287, 291;
Christmas games in, 294;
mummers in, 302;
New Year in, 333

Saboly, 62

Sacrifice, theories of, 174-8;
connected with festivals, 178-9;
survivals of, 199, 283-7, 292-4, 328, 347-9

Salers, Christmas king at, 340

_Samhain_, 172, 204

Sant' Andrea della Valle, Rome, 102

Santa Klaus, 220

Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome, 95-6, 107, 114-5

_Saturnalia_, 24, 113, 165-7, 180, 359

Schiller, 266

_Schimmel_ and _Schimmelreiter_, 199-200, 206, 231

Schoolboys' festival, 223-4.
_See also_ Boy Bishop

Scotland, Christmas carols in, 70;
Hallowe'en customs in, 197-8;
sowens eaten in, 285;
"first-foot" in, 325-6;
other New Year customs in, 326-9, 332-3;
Candlemas in, 354 |399|

Sedulius, Coelius, 32

Sequences, 32-3

Serao, Matilde, 113

Serbs, Christmas customs of, 251-4, 341

Shakespeare, 239, 298

Shepherds in Christmas drama, 123-4, 132-7, 139-43

Shropshire, soul-cakes in, 192-3;
Guy Fawkes Day at Ludlow, 199;
Twelve Days superstitions in, 240-1, 258;
Christmas Brand in, 258;
Christmas decorations in, 275-6, 355;
"wigs" in, 285;
cattle specially fed at Christmas, 289;
morris-dancers in, 299;
New Year in, 324;
Candlemas in, 355

Sicily, Midnight Mass in, 98;
Christmas _novena_ in, 112-3;
Christmas procession at Messina, 113;
Christmas plays in, 150;
All Souls' Eve in, 192;
Martinmas in, 204;
St. Lucia's Eve in, 222;
presents in, 278;
Candlemas candles in, 353

Sidgwick, Mr. F., 6, 77-8

Sidgwick, Mrs. Alfred, 264

Sile