este, fideles," 63-4

Advent, 90-2;
"Advent images," 118;
_Kloepfelnaechte_, 216-8

Alexandria, pagan rites at, 20

All Saints' Day, and the cult of the dead, 173, 189-90

All Souls' Day, and the cult of the dead, 173, 181, 189-95

Alsace, Christkind in, 230;
New Year's "May" in, 269-70

Alsso of Brevnov, 183

Ambrose, St., 31-2

_Amburbale_, 353

Amiens, Feast of Fools at, 305

Anatolius, St., hymn of, 100

Ancestor-worship, 181, 253-4, 290, 341

Andrew, St., his Day, 173, 213-6, 277

Animals, carol of, 69;
ox and ass at the Nativity, 155;
cult of, 174-8;
masks of, 175-6, 199-202;
on Christmas Eve, 233-4;
specially fed at Christmas, 289;
wassailing, 346-7

Ansbach, Martinmas in, 206

Antwerp, soul-cakes at, 194;
St. Martin at, 206-7;
St. Thomas's Day at, 224

Apples, customs with, 195-6, 207, 278

Ara Coeli, Rome, 115-6

Ardennes, St. Thomas's Day in, 224

Armenian Church, Epiphany in, 22

Artemis and St. Nicholas, 218

Aryan and pre-Aryan customs, 163-4

Aschenklas, 219, 231

Ashes, superstition about, 258

Ass, Prose of the, 304-5

Athens, New Year in, 331

Aubrey, J., 308

Augury, 182, 195-8, 214-5, 225, 237, 321-33

Augustine, St. (of Canterbury), 21, 179

Aurelian, 23

Austria, Christmas poetry in, 45-46;
Christmas drama in, 143-6;
soul-cakes in, 194;
St. Nicholas in, 218-20;
St. Lucia's Eve in, 223;
St. Thomas's Eve in, 225;
Frau Perchta, etc., in, 241-4, 342;
Sylvester in, 274.
_See also_ Bohemia, Carinthia, Styria, Tyrol

Awdlay, John, 47-8

Bach, J. S., 73-4

Baden, All Souls' Eve in, 192

Balder, 273

Baptism of Christ, celebrated at Epiphany, 20-2, 101-4

Barbara, St., her festival, 268

Bari, festival of St. Nicholas at, 221

Barring out the master, 224

Bartel, 219

Basil, St., his festival, 331

Basilidians, 21

Basle, Council of, 305

Bavaria, St. Martin's rod in, 207;
Christmas-trees in, 266-7;
sacrificial feast in, 286;
St. John's wine in, 314

Beauvais, Feast of the Ass at, 305

Bede, Venerable, 181, 203 |392|

Bees on Christmas Eve, 234

Befana, 244, 278, 343

Belethus, Johannes, 302

Belgium, All Souls' Eve in, 192, 194;
St. Hubert's Day in, 202;
Martinmas in, 204-7;
St. Catherine's Day in, 213;
St. Nicholas in, 219;
St. Thomas's Day in, 224

Bentzon, Madame Th., 96-7

Berchta. _See_ Perchta

Berlin