d Civaism.]

[Footnote 3: While agreeing with Telang that the original
G[=i]t[=a] is an old poem, we cannot subscribe to his
argument (SBE. VIII. p. 19) that the priority of the
S[=a]man over the Rig Veda is evidence of antiquity; still
less to the argument, p. 21, from the castes.]

[Footnote 4: Compare Manu, i. 7: "He the subtile,
indiscernible, eternal, inconceivable One, who makes all
creatures."]

[Footnote 5: Possibly the original opening of another poem.]

[Footnote 6: The _avatars_ of Vishnu are meant. The very
knight to whom he speaks is later regarded (in South India)
as incarnate god, and today is worshipped as an _avatar_ of
Vishnu. The idea of the 'birth-stories' of the Buddhists is
thought by some scholars to have been connected historically
with the _avatars_ of Vishnu.]

[Footnote 7: This is one of the notes struck in the later
Upanishads, the doctrine of 'special grace,' originating
perhaps still earlier in the V[=a]c hymn (see above).]

[Footnote 8: That is, one that also has no desires may act
(without desiring the fruit of action.)]

[Footnote 9: This is a S[=a]nkhya division.]

[Footnote 10: This cleverly contrived or profound
universality of Vishnuism is one of the greatest obstacles
to missionary effort. The Vishnuite will accept Christ, but
as a form of Vishnu, as here explained. Compare below: "Even
they that sacrifice to other gods really sacrifice to Me."]

[Footnote 11: Prakriti (_prak[r.]t[=i]_), nature; the term
belongs to the S[=a]nkhya philosophy, which recognizes
nature as distinct from spirit, a duality, opposed to
_adv[=a]ita_, the non-duality of the Ved[=a]nta system,
where the S[=a]nkhya 'nature' is represented by
_m[=a]y[=a]_, 'illusion.' Otherwise the word Prakrit is the
'natural,' vulgar dialect, opposed to Sanskrit, the refined,
'put-together' language.]

[Footnote 12: Saints, literally 'the successful ones.']

[Footnote 13: Alluding to the later derivation of Yama from
_yam_, control.]

[Footnote 14: "The letter A," as in the Upanishads (see
above, p. 226).]

[Footnote 15: Compare a parallel list of diadochoi in xii.
349. 51.]

[Footnote 16: One of the Jaina traits of the epic,
_brahm[=a]di[s.]u t[r.]u[=a]nte[s.]u bh[=u]te[s.]u
parivartate_,