]l[=i] as well as Cr[=i]; in fact he prefers
to recognize the female divinities of the sects, for they
offer less rivalry.]

[Footnote 9: There was a general revival of letters
antedating the Brahmanic theological revival. The drama,
which reflects equally Hinduism and Brahmanism, is now the
favorite light literature of the cultured. In the sixth
century the first astronomical works are written
(Var[=a]hamihira, who wrote the _B[r.]hat Sa[.m]hit[=a]_),
and the group of writers called the Nine Gems (reckoned of
Vikram[=a]ditya's court) are to be referred to this time.
The best known among them is K[=a]lid[=a]sa, author of the
_Cakuntal[=a]_. An account of this Renaissance, as he calls
it, will be found in Mueller's _India, What Can It Teach Us_?
The learned author is perhaps a little too sweeping in his
conclusions. It is, for instance, tolerably certain that the
Bh[=a]rata was completed by the time the 'Renaissance'
began; so that there is no such complete blank as he assumes
prior to Vikram[=a]ditya. But the general state of affairs
is such as is depicted in the ingenious article referred to.
The sixth and seventh centuries were eras that introduced
modern literature under liberal native princes, who were
sometimes not R[=a]jputs at all. Roughly speaking, one may
reckon from 500 B.C. to the Christian era as a period of
Buddhistic control, Graeco-Bactrian invasion, and Brahmanic
decline. The first five centuries after the Christian see
the two religions in a state of equilibrium, under Scythian
control, and the Mah[=a]-Bh[=a]rata, the expanded
Bh[=a]rata, is written. From 500 to 1000 is an era of native
rulers, Brahmanic revival in its pure form, and Hindu
growth, with little trouble from the Mohammedans. Then for
five centuries the horrors of Moslem conquest.]

[Footnote 10: Har. 10,662. Compare the laudation of 'the two
gods' in the same section.]

[Footnote 11: As the Jains have Angas and Up[=a]ngas, and as
the pseudo-epic distinguishes Nishads and Upanishads, so the
Brahman has Pur[=a]nas and Upapur[=a]nas (K[=u]rma
Pur[=a]na, i. p. 3). Some of the sects acknowledge only six
Pur[=a]nas as orthodox.]

[Footnote 12: As an example of a Puranic Smriti (legal) we
may cite the trash published as the
V[r.]ddha-H[=