ome antiseptic
properties, which make it a valuable drug in combating these diseases
when it is given in doses of 2 drams three times daily.

HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA.

Hemorrhagic septicemia is a name applied to a highly fatal, infectious
disease existing in various species of domestic and wild animals, from a
microorganism having definite biological characters and possessing the
properties of producing clearly defined and characteristic lesions.

This causal agent, _Bacterium bovisepticum_, belongs to the same group of
cocco-bacilli as those causing chicken cholera, swine plague, and rabbit
septicemia, and may be described as an ovoid, nonmotile, polar-staining
bacterium with rounded ends, 1/38000 of an inch wide by 1/20000 of an inch
long, sometimes seen in pairs and sometimes in chains.

Various names have been applied to this disease, and though the causative
agent and the distinctive lesions are well known, it is more than likely
that the affection is seldom recognized. It was described by Bollinger in
1878, and named Wild und Rinderseuche, from its having affected deer, wild
boars, cattle, and horses in an epizootic which swept over Germany at that
time. Before this, however, several epizootics of what was evidently the
same disease had been well described, notably that which occurred in
England in 1854. Since then it has occurred in epizootic and enzootic forms
in many sections of Europe, Asia, Africa, and America. In this country the
disease has been observed in Texas, Tennessee, New York, Minnesota,
Pennsylvania, District of Columbia, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Other
names given to it are game and cattle disease, buffalo disease, barbone,
pasteurellosis bovina, ghotwa, and infectious pneumoenteritis.

In earlier times it was evidently confounded with gloss anthrax, and even
now it is probably mistaken in a great many instances for anthrax,
blackleg, cornstalk disease, and cerebrospinal meningitis.

The disease is essentially a septicemia, or blood poisoning, and the
microbic invasion occurs from inoculation probably either through abrasions
of the skin or by injury to the mucous membranes from coarse fodder, etc.
Moore and Smith have found in the mouths and nasal cavities of healthy
animals, including cattle, bacteria belonging to this group; but these
organisms proved to be nonpathogenic. As is well known, however, many
pathogenic germs at times exist in a saprophytic state, and it is not hard
to conce