tive of Chile by President Domingo
Santa Maria. Ex-President Pinto died three years later in Valparaiso,
leaving a memory respected and admired by all political parties in his
country. The name of Pinto will always occupy a prominent place in the
annals of Chilean history, not only because the war with Peru took place
during his term of office, but also on account of the fact that it was
largely due to the intelligent direction of all details by the president
during the struggle that the Chilean arms proved so absolutely
successful by land and sea.

President Santa Maria.

Senor Domingo Santa Maria, who now acceded to the presidency of Chile,
was a Liberal in politics, and had previously held various important
posts under the government. Under the rule of President Montt he had
been an active member of the opposition and involved in various
revolutionary conspiracies; for his participation in these plots he was
at one time exiled from the country, but returned and received official
employment under President Perez. The principal task confronting
President Santa Maria on assuming the presidency was to negotiate a
treaty of peace with Peru and provide for the evacuation of the Chilean
army of occupation. The presence of the Peruvian general Caceres and his
forces in the interior of Peru prevented for some two years the
formation of any Peruvian national administration in Lima with which the
Chilean authorities could deal. In August of 1883 the Peruvians were
defeated by the forces commanded by Admiral Lynch, and a government was
then organized under the leadership of General Iglesias. A provisional
treaty of peace was then drawn up and signed by General Iglesias and the
Chilean representative, and this was finally ratified by the Chilean and
Peruvian congresses respectively in April 1884. By the terms of this
treaty Peru ceded to Chile unconditionally the province of Tarapaca, and
the provinces of Tacna and Arica were placed under Chilean authority for
the term of ten years, the inhabitants having then to decide by a
general vote whether they remained a part of Chile or elected to belong
once more to Peru. In the event of the decision being favourable to Peru
a sum of 10,000,000 dollars was to be paid by Peru to Chile. On the
ratification of this treaty the Chilean forces were immediately
withdrawn from Lima and other points of occupation in Peruvian
territory. The government of Bolivia also attempted to negotiate a