nence."

It is right to say that Philip never seems to have endorsed the argument
of his Viceroy, while his father prohibited the circulation of a book by
Dr Sepulveda which contained a similar argument; nor was the work of
Sarmiento published.

Barring this blemish, the history of the Incas, written by order of the
Viceroy Toledo, is a most valuable addition to the authorities who have
given us authentic accounts of Andean civilization; for we may have
every confidence in the care and accuracy of Sarmiento as regards his
collection and statement of historical facts, provided that we always
keep in mind the bias, and the orders he was under, to seek support for
the Viceroy's untenable argument.

I have given all I have been able to find respecting the life of
Sarmiento in the introduction to my edition of the voyages of that
celebrated navigator.

But the administration of the Viceroy Don Francisco de Toledo, from 1569
to 1581, forms a landmark in the history of Peru, and seems to call for
some notice in this place. He found the country in an unsettled state,
with the administrative system entirely out of gear. Though no longer
young he entered upon the gigantic task of establishing an orderly
government, and resolved to visit personally every part of the vast
territory under his rule. This stupendous undertaking occupied him for
five years. He was accompanied by ecclesiastics, by men well versed in
the language of the Incas and in their administrative policy, and by his
secretary and aide-de-camp. These were the Bishop of Popayan, Augustin
de la Coruna, the Augustine friars Juan Vivero and Francisco del Corral,
the Jesuit and well-known author, Joseph de Acosta, the Inquisitor Pedro
Ordonez Flores, his brother, the Viceroy's chaplain and confessor, the
learned lawyer Juan Matienzo, whose work is frequently quoted by
Solorzano[7], the licentiate Polo de Ondegardo, who had been some years
in the country and had acquired an intimate knowledge of the laws of the
Incas, the secretary Alvaro Ruiz de Navamuel, and as aide-de-camp his
young nephew, Geronimo de Figueroa, son of his brother Juan, the
Ambassador at Rome[8].

[Note 7: In his _Politica Indiana_. There are two manuscripts of
Juan Matienzo de Peralta at the British Museum, _Govierno del Peru_ and
_Relacion del libro intitulado Govierno del Peru_, apparently one work
in two parts. _Add. MSS_. 5469, in Gayangos Catalogue, vol. II. p. 470.]

[Note 8: Some sons to