ned how the people of these lands preserved their
inheritances and lived on them in ancient times, and that their proper
and natural countries were known. There were many of these which I shall
notice in their places, treating specially at present of the original
settlers of the valley where stands the present city of Cuzco. For from
there we have to trace the origin of the tyranny of the Incas, who
always had their chief seat in the valley of Cuzco.

Before all things it must be understood that the valley of Cuzco is in
130 deg. 15' from the equator on the side of the south pole[37]. In this
valley, owing to its being fertile for cultivation, there were three
tribes settled from most ancient times, the first called Sauaseras, the
second Antasayas, the third Huallas. They settled near each other,
although their lands for sowing were distinct, which is the property
they valued most in those days and even now. These natives of the valley
lived there in peace for many years, cultivating their farms.

[Note 37: 13 deg. 31'. He is 16 miles out in his latitude.]

Some time before the arrival of the Incas, three Sinchis, strangers to
this valley, the first named Alcabisa[38], the second Copalimayta, and
the third Culunchima, collected certain companies and came to the valley
of Cuzco, where, by consent of the natives, they settled and became
brothers and companions of the original inhabitants. So they lived for a
long time. There was concord between these six tribes, three native and
three immigrant. They relate that the immigrants came out to where the
Incas then resided, as we shall relate presently, and called them
relations. This is an important point with reference to what happened
afterwards.

[Note 38: The Alcabisas, as original inhabitants of the Cuzco
valley, are mentioned by Cieza de Leon (ii. p. 105) who calls them
Alcaviquiza. Betanzos has Alcaviya, and Balboa Allcay-villcas. Cieza
describes the victory over them by Mayta Ccapac. Yamqui Pachacuti gives
Allcayviesas, Cullinchinas, and Cayancachis as the names of the tribes
who originally inhabited the Cuzco valley. Cayancachi is a southern
suburb of Cuzco outside the Huatanay river.]

Before entering upon the history of the Incas I wish to make known or,
speaking more accurately, to answer a difficulty which may occur to
those who have not been in these parts. Some may say that this history
cannot be accepted as authentic being taken from the narratives of these