aircraft

_#_Airports: 29 total, 28 usable; 14 with permanent-surface runways;
none with runways over 3,659 m; 7 with runways 2,440-3,659 m;
7 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

_#_Telecommunications: the system is above the African average;
facilities consist of open-wire lines, multiconductor cable, and radio
relay; key centers are Safaqis, Susah, Bizerte, and Tunis;
233,000 telephones; stations--18 AM, 4 FM, 14 TV; 4 submarine cables;
earth stations--1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 ARABSAT with
back-up control station; coaxial cable to Algeria; radio relay to
Algeria, Libya, and Italy

_*_Defense Forces
_#_Branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary forces

_#_Manpower availability: males 15-49, 2,052,191; 1,180,614 fit for
military service; 90,218 reach military age (20) annually

_#_Defense expenditures: $315 million, 2.6% of GDP (1990 est.)
_%_
_@_Turkey
_*_Geography
_#_Total area: 780,580 km2; land area: 770,760 km2

_#_Comparative area: slightly larger than Texas

_#_Land boundaries: 2,715 km total; Bulgaria 240 km, Greece 206 km,
Iran 499 km, Iraq 331 km, Syria 822 km, USSR 617 km

_#_Coastline: 7,200 km

_#_Maritime claims:

Exclusive economic zone: in Black Sea only--to the maritime
boundary agreed upon with the USSR;

Territorial sea: 6 nm in the Aegean Sea, 12 nm in Black Sea and
Mediterranean Sea

_#_Disputes: complex maritime and air (but not territorial)
disputes with Greece in Aegean Sea; Cyprus question; Hatay question
with Syria; ongoing dispute with downstream riparians (Syria and
Iraq) over water development plans for the Tigris and Euphrates
rivers; Kurdish question among Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey, and
the USSR

_#_Climate: temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters;
harsher in interior

_#_Terrain: mostly mountains; narrow coastal plain; high central
plateau (Anatolia)

_#_Natural resources: antimony, coal, chromium, mercury, copper,
borate, sulphur, iron ore

_#_Land use: arable land 30%; permanent crops 4%; meadows and
pastures 12%; forest and woodland 26%; other 28%; includes
irrigated 3%

_#_Environment: subject to severe earthquakes, especially along
major river valleys in west; air pollution; desertification

_#_Note: strategic location controlling the Turkish straits
(Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link Black and Aegean
Seas; Turkey and Norway only NATO members having a land boundary
with the USSR

_*_People