ch political
instability, mismanagement, and civil war since independence in 1962,
keeping Uganda poor with a per capita income of about $300. (GDP remains
below the levels of the early 1970s, as does industrial production.)
Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over
80% of the work force. Coffee is the major export crop and accounts
for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986 the government has
acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking
currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing
petroleum prices, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes
are especially aimed at dampening inflation, which was running at over
300% in 1987, and boosting production and export earnings.

_#_GDP: $4.9 billion, per capita $290 (1988); real growth rate 6.1%
(1989 est.)

_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 30% (FY90)

_#_Unemployment rate: NA%

_#_Budget: revenues $365 million; expenditures $545 million,
including capital expenditures of $165 million (FY89 est.)

_#_Exports: $273 million (f.o.b., 1989);

commodities--coffee 97%, cotton, tea;

partners--US 25%, UK 18%, France 11%, Spain 10%

_#_Imports: $652 million (c.i.f., 1989);

commodities--petroleum products, machinery, cotton piece goods,
metals, transportation equipment, food;

partners--Kenya 25%, UK 14%, Italy 13%

_#_External debt: $1.9 billion (1990 est.)

_#_Industrial production: growth rate 15.0% (1989 est.); accounts
for 5% of GDP

_#_Electricity: 173,000 kW capacity; 312 million kWh produced,
18 kWh per capita (1989)

_#_Industries: sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles, cement

_#_Agriculture: accounts for 57% of GDP and 83% of labor force; cash
crops--coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco; food crops--cassava, potatoes, corn,
millet, pulses; livestock products--beef, goat meat, milk, poultry;
self-sufficient in food

_#_Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-89), $145
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1970-88), $1.2 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $60 million;
Communist countries (1970-89), $169 million

_#_Currency: Ugandan shilling (plural--shillings);
1 Ugandan shilling (USh) = 100 cents

_#_Exchange rates: Ugandan shillings (USh) per US$1--563.18 (January
1991), 428.85 (1990), 223.09 (1989), 106.14 (1988), 42.84 (1987), 14.00
(1986), 6.72 (1985)

_#_Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June